Temple of the Unmercenaries Cosmas and Damian on Maroseyka (Moscow)

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55.75787; 37.638494

Russia, Moscow, Maroseyka street, 14/2с3

Moscow

Russia

Church of the Unmercenary Cosmas and Damian of Assia on Maroseyka

- Orthodox Church of the Epiphany Deanery of the Moscow City Diocese.

History[[edit]h2>

The Kosmodamiansky Church that now exists on Maroseyka was built in 1793, but there was a church in this same place earlier, so one should distinguish between two churches: the old and the present.

Exact information is not available when exactly and by whom the old church was built. It is reliably known that it existed at the beginning of the 17th century. Thus, this temple is mentioned in the book of the Patriarchal Treasury Order for the year 1625 and in the “Book of the Tsar’s Salary to Moscow Churches.” From the same evidence one can see that the old church was stone, one-story and two-altar: with a main altar in the name of St. Nicholas and a side altar in the name of Sts. unmercenary Cosmas and Damian. Therefore, in ancient documents it was often called the Church of St. Nicholas, although the name for the Kosmodamian chapel was also retained.

At first, the old church of Cosmas and Damian had neither a porch nor a bell tower; they were added only in 1651. At the end of the 17th century, under the care of Princess Evdokia Andreevna Kurakina, a second upper tier grew over the one-story building, and a new church was built here in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. So the old Kosmodamiansky temple acquired a third name - Kazan. At first, the church was only owned by Princess Kurakina, and the special priest and psalm-reader from Kosmodamiansky were maintained at the expense of the princess. But in 1771 - 1772. The temple came under the control of the Kosmodamian clergy and merged with the parish.

At the same time, i.e. at the end of the 18th century, the Cosmodamian Church fell into complete disrepair. It was a difficult, critical period... But the All-Good Heavenly Father did not abandon her with His mercy, awakening the hearts of good people to zeal. Zealous for the glory of God, the parishioners came to the idea not of repairs, but of building a new church, and, moreover, with some changes in the structure. In July 1790, they came to Metropolitan Platon of Moscow with a petition to tear down the old church and instead build a new one in the name of the Savior, the Healer of the Paralytic, with two chapels: in the name of St. Nicholas and St. unmercenary Cosmas and Damian. Thus, the main altar in the name of St. Nicholas, who was in the old church, was moved to the new one, in the southern aisle; the upper tier with the throne in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God was destroyed, and the main throne was dedicated to the Savior, the Healer of the paralytic.

It is remarkable that the name of the new church along the aisle Kosmodamiansky was still retained, although after the main altar it was sometimes called Spassky. This is the very temple that exists today. Almost all the parishioners made more or less significant donations for the construction of this temple, but the head of the donors and the soul of the holy cause was Lieutenant Colonel Mikhail Rodionovich Khlebnikov: the charter of the temple was also issued in his name in January 1791.

In December 1793, the new Cosmodamian Church was completed in rough construction, and only the southern aisle was completely decorated in the name of St. Nicholas, who was consecrated on December 18 of the same 1793. From that time on, services began in the new church. After 2 years, namely, on October 21, 1795, the northern aisle was consecrated in the name of Sts. unmercenaries Cosmas and Damian, and the main one - in the name of the Savior, the Healer of the paralytic, representing the only temple in Moscow with this name - was consecrated on October 4, 1803. You can see that the new Kosmodamian temple was built over a period of 12 years.

The project by the famous Russian architect Matvey Kazakov combines individual parts and lines with remarkable skill. The structure of the temple aisles is original: the northern Kosmodamiansky and the southern Nikolsky. These chapels are placed in a space that has a strictly consistent circular shape. The real church and partly its altar also have the appearance of a circle.

During the invasion of Moscow by enemies in 1812, the Cosmodamian Church suffered a common fate with other churches, losing a significant part of its property and decorations, and did not soon recover from the devastation that befell it.

Until 1857, the temple was divided into 2 halves: winter and summer. The “cold” temple in the name of the Savior, the Healer of the paralytic was locked for the winter, while the “warm” one consisted only of a refectory and two chapels and was not distinguished by its spaciousness. In winter it was especially crowded here, and in 1857 an oven was built in the basement under the church. So the cold church became warm. Since that time, for almost 40 years, no major capital work has been carried out in the Cosmodamian Church. And in 1893 the temple was renovated inside and out. This magnificent renovation of the Cosmodamian Church was all the more pleasant because it coincided with the centenary of the construction and consecration of the St. Nicholas chapel, which was celebrated with great solemnity on December 18, 1893, with a religious procession around the church in front of a huge crowd of pilgrims.

The chronicles of the Cosmodamian Church record several cases of grace-filled healings received by the sick from the temple icon of the Savior, the Healer of the Paralytic. This icon has been a particularly revered shrine since the very construction and consecration of this temple, attracting pious fans from different places in the capital. This is especially noticeable on the temple holiday, the only holiday in all of Moscow, celebrated on the third Sunday after Easter.

For a long time it has been established to perform a prayer service before this holy icon every Saturday, at the end of the all-night vigil; Moreover, at this prayer service there is a special troparion, a special prokeimenon, a special Gospel and a special, extremely touching prayer.

In the early thirties, the temple shared the fate of many Russian shrines: the parish was dispersed, the icons and decorations of the temple were confiscated, and they disappeared without a trace. A decree to blow up the temple had already been signed, but the Lord did not allow this. Subsequently, the building was used as an industrial warehouse, a motorcycle club, an archive, and art classes.

In the 60s, three church houses were demolished, and in their place a huge administrative building was built, to which the church was transferred for archive use. In those same years, a partial restoration of the church was carried out - after external repairs, the external decoration of the temple was restored, gilded crosses were erected. However, the interior was disfigured by floor coverings and many partitions. Due to numerous redevelopments, the floor had a strong slope.

On June 22, 1993, the Moscow Government issued a decree on the transfer of the building of the Cosmodamian Church to the Russian Orthodox Church. Repair work began, prayer singing to the Savior and Saints Cosmas and Damian was resumed. On November 14, 1993, on the day of remembrance of the holy unmercenaries and wonderworkers Cosmas and Damian, the first Liturgy took place in the right aisle. Some time later, worship was restored in the central altar.

Social work, everyday life

The Temple of Cosmas and Damian in Khimki is located next to the boarding house and hospital.

The Orthodox sisterhood, priests and volunteers from the parish provide care for:

• boarding house No. 1 for labor veterans;
• Mytishchi orphanage;
• military hospital named after A. A. Vishnevsky;
• Khimki hospital.

The sisters care for sick people, take them to services, and accompany them on pilgrimage trips to monasteries and holy springs. Every Thursday, psychiatrist priest V. Novitsky sees people suffering from alcohol and drug addiction.

Several churches are assigned to the Parish:

• “Life-Giving Spring” at the veterans’ boarding house;
• St. St. George the Victorious at Military Hospital No. 3;
• Holy book Vladimir at the cemetery in Khimki;
• St. Luke, Archbishop. Krymsky at the boarding house for veterans.

Since 2001, on weekends, boys and girls communicate in the Youth Circle. There is a Sunday school, a church shop, a library, and Orthodox groups have been created in the kindergarten. Our own social service “Good Deed” has been organized.

Shrines[[edit]h2>

Revered temple icon of the Lord who healed the paralytic

• Revered temple icon of the Lord who healed the paralytic;
• Revered icon of St. the unmercenary and miracle workers Cosmas and Damian of Asia with a particle of relics;
• Revered icon and relics of St. Martyr Boniface;
• Revered icon of St. Nicholas, Archbishop of Myra of Lycia, Wonderworker;
• Revered icon of the Archangel Michael;
• The revered icon of all the saints in the Russian land who have shone;
• The revered icon of St. Luke of Voino-Yasenetsky with a piece of his relics.

Architect, exterior decoration, architectural ensemble

The Temple of Cosmas and Damian in Khimki was rebuilt many times. The architectural monument of the 18th century was built of stone in the Empire style. The lower tier has an apse, the upper one consists of 4 pediments and a round vault.

The light drum is decorated with a columnar belt with Ionic capitals. Paved with paving stones. The steps of the temple and its “skirt” are lined with rock. The bell tower has been restored.

Pilgrim[[edit]h2>

The temple is open daily from 8:00 to 21:00, on Sundays from 8:00 to 19:00.

Schedule of services:

On Sundays: prayer service for selected saints - 8:00; confession, hours - 8:30; Liturgy - 9:00. The day before at 17:00 - all-night vigil.

On Wednesdays: confession, matins, hours, Liturgy - 8:00. At 17:00 Vespers. At 17:30, a prayer service for the sick with the reading of an akathist to Saints Cosmas and Damian.

On Thursdays: confession, matins, hours, Liturgy - 8:00. At 6:00 p.m., a prayer service for water with the reading of the akathist to St. martyr Boniface.

On Saturdays: Confession, Matins, Hours, Liturgy, Requiem Service - 8:00.

On holidays: confession, hours - 8:00; Liturgy - 9:00. The day before at 17:00 - all-night vigil.

Schedule of services for the month

Baptism in the temple is performed by complete immersion.

Interior decoration

The church is decorated with a three-tier carved wooden iconostasis. The Royal Doors are made of wood with openwork carvings. Wooden icon cases are decorated with openwork carvings. The pulpit is covered with carpet runners.

Inside the Temple of Cosmas and Damian in Khimki.

The temple is completely painted. There are forged bars on the windows. Under the basement they found the coffin of A.D. Enaleev. The family crypt was walled up.

Interesting facts about the temple

Scroll:

• Construction of the stone church lasted 4 years (1726-1730);
• The building was originally made of wood;
• Famous people visited the church: Bishop Arseny (Zhdanovsky), Mikhail Bulgakov, Elder Barnabas, Father John of Kronstadt, Archimandrite Seraphim (Zvezdinsky);
• In 1909, the liturgy was celebrated by Bishop Trifon (Turkestan), vicar of the Moscow diocese;
• Next to the temple there is the famous sanatorium “Khimki” (now the building is a hospital), where V.I. Lenin was treated twice;
• From 1940 to 1992, the building housed a printing house.

Where is it located, what is in the surrounding area, how to get there

The temple is located at the address: Moscow, Pravoberezhnaya street, building 6. You can get there by personal or public transport (then you will have to walk from the stop to the church).

Not far from the temple there are:

• theater "Our House"
• estate "White Pillars" (Khimki hospital);
• square named after M. D. Rubtsova;
• art gallery named after S. M. Gorshin;
• Moscow State University Museum;
• Church of Saints Cyril and Methodius;
• House of Culture "Rodina"

• Moscow Canal.

Sunday School

The Sunday school has been operating since 1996. It is headed by Father Vladimir Matveev (tel. 89067050974). There were 5 graduations of 35-40 people each.

Sections open:

• dancing;
• hand-to-hand combat;
• struggle.

Registration can be made by calling 89260291288 or by contacting Dmitry in person. Training takes place at the address: Khimki, Koltsevaya street, building 8.