Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in Altufyevo (Moscow)

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55.908041; 37.586275

Russia, Moscow, Altufevskoe highway, 147с1

Moscow

Russia

Telephone:

8 (499) 209-54-22.

Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in Altufyevo

(Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, Vozdvizhenskaya Church) is an Orthodox church in the Altufyevo estate, a complex of monuments of estate architecture of the 18th-19th centuries. Located in the north of Moscow, in the Lianozovo area, directly southwest of the intersection of the Moscow Ring Road and Altufevskoye Shosse, in a park with an area of ​​10.3 hectares on the shore of Altufevsky Pond.

Belongs to the Sergeevsky deanery of the Moscow city diocese. The honorary rector of the temple is Vladyka Jonah, Archbishop of Astrakhan and Enotaevsky (Karpukhin Yuri Alekseevich).

There is a Sunday school at the church (since 1991), as well as a youth center for Orthodox culture “My Fatherland”.

History[[edit]h2>

The first church in the village of Altufyevo, on the Samotyshka River, has been known since 1564; in 1687, a stone church was already mentioned.

The new church was built at the expense of I. I. Velyaminov in 1760-1763, since the previously existing stone church in the name of Sophia and her daughters Vera, Nadezhda and Lyubov had fallen into complete disrepair, and from this dilapidation has all dissipated..."

At the end of the 18th century. the church was rebuilt (a smooth ceiling was installed inside, separating the vault from the lower space, a new bell tower (“like the bells”) was erected above the vault of the temple). The refectory was built. The interior decoration, the dome and the cross dated back to the 19th century.

During the Patriotic War of 1812, the estate was destroyed, the church was plundered: “The enemy robbed part of the church utensils and sacristy, candles, money worth 15 rubles...”

The temple remained active (with the exception of a short break in 1941).

In 1960, Altufyevo became part of Moscow, and mass residential construction began here. The temple of the noble estate could accommodate only a small fraction of its new parishioners. Since the opening of churches in Moscow was out of the question before 1988, initially it was possible to obtain permission to attach a wooden porch to the church. At the beginning of perestroika, in 1986, the parish had the opportunity to add a relatively large stone volume to the church on the west instead of a wooden porch. This to a certain extent solved the problem of overcrowding, but greatly distorted the historical appearance of the rare architectural monument of the mid-18th century.

In 1989-1990, a new building of the baptismal church was built.

In 1992-1995, on the initiative of the rector of the temple, Archimandrite Jonah (Karpukhin) and with the blessing of Patriarch Alexy II, a reconstruction of the temple, unacceptable from the point of view of protecting the architectural heritage, was carried out, as a result of which only its under-dome part remained untouched. In tsarist times, such “initiatives” were strictly suppressed by the Imperial Archaeological Commission.

According to art historians, the reconstruction of the temple distorted its original appearance and reduced the historical value of the building.

History of the construction of the temple

The very first documentary mention of the Altufyevo estate dates back to 1585, during the reign of Emperor Theodore Ioannovich. At this time, the settlement belonged to a housekeeper named Myakishev. The wooden church, built on the Samotyshka River in 1564, was converted into a stone one 120 years later.

Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in Altufyevo

The Altufyevo estate flourished serenely until the Time of Troubles came, which shook the Fatherland to the depths. By the 17th century, the settlement fell into decay and was completely deserted. The Akinfov brothers, whose family had a beneficial influence on the development of the village, began to be called the owners.

• In 1687, their descendant, Nikita Akinfov, planned the construction of a stone cathedral. The house of God was erected in a short time, calling it first the Godfather House, and after a while Vozdvizhensky.
• In the middle of the 18th century, the Akinfov family decided to sell the estate, and I. Velyaminov became the next owner. The owner first started building a new church, because the outdated building had become completely unsuitable for holding services.
• The construction of the Cathedral of the Exaltation lasted four years; it boasted external decoration made in the architectural style of the late Baroque. The Holy Cross Church received the necessary bell tower over the western part, but there was no refectory room here.
• In 1766, I. Velyaminov decided to sell his own estate, which changed owners several times in subsequent years. Two decades later, the village was acquired by a wealthy landowner S. Kurakin, who came from a noble ancient family. He began to modernize not only the estate, but also the Holy Cross Cathedral, the shape of which was changed in some parts. Finally, the temple acquired its own refectory, and a new bell tower was erected above the arch of the building, and a smooth and even floor was laid.

On a note! During the attack of the French army on Moscow in 1812, the village of Altufyevo was completely plundered. The Church of the Exaltation lost its property: the enemies stole sacristies, candles, some icons and the financial reserves of the brethren.

Current state[[edit]h2>

Description[[edit]h3>

The interior decoration of the temple
The church belongs to a type “like bells”, rare in the 18th century. The round main volume with a diameter of about 12 m (the internal space is cruciform in plan) is crowned with an octagonal upper tier. Three apses adjoin the drum from the north, south and east. The windows of the main drum are typical of the Moscow Baroque - above the elongated windows of the first light there are small, elongated false windows of the “second light” (in their place there may have been real windows, later blocked).

In 1993-1995 the church received a new refectory, replacing the small refectory of 1986, and a new bell tower. After their construction, the area of ​​the temple more than doubled, but it not only lost its proportions, but also hid the manor house of the estate, located north-west of the church.

At the same time, all interior finishing was done anew. The facades and interior of the temple were decorated with mosaic panels of very high quality, but they did not fit into the style of the building.

From the side of Altufevsky Pond, the church is surrounded by a modern lattice fence with two baroque-style tower-like volumes in the corners (one of them houses a chapel, the other a church shop) and a dissonant eclectic gate in the center.

Activities of the parish[[edit]h3>

Educational activities[[edit]h4>

At the temple there is a children's Sunday school and classes for adults, creative clubs and sections, a children's choir of church singing, the Center for Orthodox Culture "My Fatherland", the Youth Club "Altufyevo", a library for parishioners, and a series of concerts are held throughout the year.

Social activities[[edit]h4>

There is a group called “Mercy” in the temple. The rector of the church and employees visit the Altufyevo social shelter for children and teenagers; every third Sunday of the month, charitable clothing is distributed to those in need, and assistance is provided to elderly single parishioners of the church. Together with the Altufyevo youth club, trips are carried out to nursing homes in the Mozhaisk district and Moscow Hospice No. 2. Charity fairs are held regularly.

After the revolution

The cruel years of the revolution spared the Holy Cross Church; it was closed only at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, but in 1943 services resumed.

In 1986, due to the increase in the number of parishioners, an extension was made to the main volume, serving as a refectory. But it could not accommodate all the believers, especially on major holidays. Therefore, in 1993, construction began on a new refectory and bell tower (the old bell tower was converted into a light drum, breaking through the quadrangle arch). The area of ​​the temple doubled, two new chapels appeared - St. Macarius of Zheltovodsk and Unzhensk and St. Jonah, Metropolitan of Moscow. In addition, the eastern apse, which now houses the central altar, was also enlarged.

In 1990, a baptismal church was built nearby.

Currently, the architectural ensemble of the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross consists of a three-tier bell tower topped with a high spire, a spacious refectory, a main volume with a light drum and a miniature dome. The apse is square in plan, with rounded corners; on its octagonal dome there is a miniature dome on a blind drum. The facades of the apse and refectory are decorated with mosaic panels depicting icons.

On the territory of the temple there are two chapels - the Holy Martyr Huar, where the funeral service for the dead takes place, and a church shop. In addition, a chapel was erected over the spring of St. Macarius of Zheltovodsk, which flows not far from the temple. In 1998, on the first floor of the clergy house, a baptismal temple was consecrated in honor of the holy martyrs Vera, Nadezhda, Lyubov and their mother Sophia.

Shrines[[edit]h2>

Kazan Icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary

• Kazan Icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary;
• Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos “Vsetsaritsa” (blessing of the Vatopedi monastery, Holy Mount Athos);
• Icon of St. Tikhon, Patriarch of All Russia with a piece of the coffin;
• Icon of the Venerable Macarius of Zheltovodsk, Unzhensk with a particle of relics;
• Icon of the Venerable Sergius of Radonezh with a particle of his relics;
• Icon of the Venerable Paisius of the Holy Mountain with a particle of earth from the grave of the Saint (Blessing of the Monastery of the Apostle John the Theologian in Souroti, Greece);
• Icon of the Blessed Matrona of Moscow with a piece of the coffin;
• Icon of the Hieromartyr Favia, Bishop. Rimsky with a particle of relics;
• Kazan Icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary;
• Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos “Vsetsaritsa” (blessing of the Vatopedi monastery, Holy Mount Athos);
• Icon of St. Tikhon, Patriarch of All Russia with a piece of the coffin;
• Icon of the Venerable Macarius of Zheltovodsk, Unzhensk with a particle of relics;
• Icon of the Venerable Sergius of Radonezh with a particle of his relics;
• Icon of the Venerable Paisius of the Holy Mountain with a particle of earth from the grave of the Saint (Blessing of the Monastery of the Apostle John the Theologian in Souroti, Greece);
• Icon of the Blessed Matrona of Moscow with a piece of the coffin;
• Icon of the Hieromartyr Favia, Bishop. Rimsky with a particle of relics;
• Icon of St. Blessed Augustine, Bishop. Ipponian with a particle of relics;
• Locally revered image of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God;
• The miraculous icon of St. Macarius of Zheltovodsk with a particle of relics (in the left aisle of the temple);
• Ark with particles of the relics of St. Jonah, Metropolitan of Moscow and Kiev-Pechersk Elders in the right aisle of the temple;
• Medallion with a particle of the relics of the holy martyr Favius ​​(Fabian);
• Medallion with a particle of the relics of St. Augustine, Bishop of Hippo;
• Reliquary with particles of the relics of many saints.

Holy Cross Church inside

After the reconstruction of 1991-1995, the Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross became much more spacious and brighter. A hole was punched in the dome of the “old” church, connecting the light drum with the main volume, and the vaults were painted with scenes on gospel themes.

During the reconstruction, the iconostasis was also replaced. The current iconostasis is four-row, with gilded columns, decorated with carvings. It is separated from the solea by a very beautiful carved metal lattice.

The iconostases in the refectory, as well as in the baptismal church and the chapel of the Martyr Uar, were made in the same style.

In the passage leading from the refectory to the pre-altar space, the walls and semicircular arch are covered with mosaic frescoes.

In the new spacious refectory, the chapels of St. Macarius of Zheltovodsk and Unzhensk (left) and St. Jonah, Metropolitan of Moscow Wonderworker (right) were built. There is also an altar of the Holy Martyr Tryphon, consecrated in 1980 so that two liturgies could be served on holidays and Sundays.

In the chapel of St. Jonah there is an ark with particles of his relics, as well as the relics of St. Mitrophania of Voronezh, St. Macarius of Zheltovodsk and Unzhensk the Wonderworker, St. Theophan the Recluse and the Kiev-Pechersk saints.

In the chapel of St. Macarius there is the main shrine of the temple - an icon of the saint with a particle of his relics.

Patronal holidays[[edit]h2>

Exaltation of the Life-Giving Cross of the Lord

- September 27

Macarius of Zheltovodsk, Rev.

- August 7

Jonah, Saint, Metropolitan of Moscow and All Rus'

— April 13, June 28

Holy Martyr Tryphon - February 14

Pilgrim[[edit]h2>

Divine services in the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross are held daily.

In the evening at 17 o'clock - Vespers, Matins. In the morning at 9 o'clock - Divine Liturgy. After the Liturgy, custom prayer services are served.

On Sundays and holidays, two Divine Liturgies are celebrated: early - at 7 o'clock, late - at 10 o'clock. Custom prayer services on Sundays are served after the end of the early Liturgy.

During the day, the temple is open to visitors, and all this time the priest on duty is in the temple, as well as the temple worker on duty, who answers questions from parishioners.

Schedule of services for the month