On the issue of diagnostic and treatment standards for uterine bleeding during puberty

Uterine bleeding in a woman is a health and life-threatening condition. Especially if the discharge is very abundant and is accompanied by severe symptoms. The cause of this condition may be an infectious process, spontaneous miscarriage, hormonal imbalance, or carrying heavy objects during menstruation. Regardless of what exactly triggered this condition, it is very important to seek medical help as quickly as possible. And in addition to the main drug therapy, a conspiracy against uterine bleeding can be used.


Uterine bleeding in a woman is a health and life-threatening condition

Causes of uterine bleeding

The causes of uterine bleeding can be very different:

  • injuries
  • severe infections
  • dysfunction of the pituitary gland
  • thyroid dysfunction
  • stress, mental trauma
  • inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs
  • abortions
  • STD

If uterine bleeding occurs after menopause, you should be very careful and be sure to pay attention to this, because this may be a sign of cancer of the pelvic organs and mammary glands. It is necessary to immediately consult a doctor, get examined, and find out the cause.

At any age, if uterine bleeding occurs, you should consult a doctor and not treat it at home. However, since this is bleeding and the woman is losing blood, you need to try, even if you can’t get to a doctor right away, to stop it on your own, because there are a lot of risks. Pharmacies sell special hemostatic drugs used to treat uterine bleeding, some of which can be purchased without a prescription or prescribed by a doctor.

You can also use numerous time-tested folk remedies, and even prayers with spells for those who believe.

But it is important to remember that severe uterine bleeding cannot be stopped without medication.

Conspiracy rules

In order for the rituals to be performed, it is important to follow certain rules:

  • You need to carry out a spell ritual or read a prayer with pure thoughts and a good mood. Before this, you are not supposed to quarrel with someone or drink alcohol;
  • before the ritual, you must say “Our Father” and “Theotokos” at least 9 times, five times - “Angel of God” and be sure to dress in clean clothes and wash your hands; your actions should carry only positive thoughts that do not harm anyone;
  • during the ceremony, the head should be uncovered, and the body should be without any jewelry (earrings, rings, chains are removed), you can leave only a pectoral cross;
  • The ceremony is carried out completely alone, with doors and windows closed. Even by chance, no one should see or hear you;
  • It is also impossible to talk about the desire to perform such a ritual. Even in confession one should remain silent about this;
  • The spell ritual is best performed in the morning, before sunrise. True, sometimes it is allowed before its entry;
  • you need to know that conspiracies made on Monday will be ineffective.

Magic involves many options that can get rid of bleeding. However, the prayer to stop the bleeding must be recited correctly. And we must not forget that such actions should be carried out in conjunction with traditional treatment. By themselves, in case of severe pathologies, they will not bring the desired result.

The drug Tranexam for uterine bleeding (reviews from women)

This drug for stopping uterine bleeding is very popular and is rightfully considered first aid for women if they have problems . This drug is prescribed by the attending physician, both in the presence of bleeding and for its prevention, for example, if a woman is planning to undergo surgery.

The drug is sold in tablet form and also in liquid form for intravenous injection. If uterine bleeding is moderate, it will be enough to take the drug in tablet form; if it is heavy, injections are more effective.

The drug affects blood clotting, effectively and quickly stopping bleeding. And the majority of women who have encountered this problem are mostly satisfied with how it works. There are also no special side effects, with the exception of individual intolerance and contraindications.

How to stop bleeding

Previously, miraculous words and the ability to conjure blood were given special importance. This condition could cost lives.

If you need urgent medical attention, you cannot hope that one magical effect will solve the problem. However, in other cases, a timely conspiracy against female diseases, for example, can greatly help. The main thing is that everything is done correctly.

Whispers that stop bleeding can help with significant and minor injuries, when it runs from the nose, and in many other cases. Moreover, each of them has its own words and ritual order, the strict regulation of which must be followed.

The following plot will help solve the problem:

In case of any injury, the words of such a conspiracy will stop the bleeding:

Such a conspiracy to stop bleeding will also help. You need to whisper it over a wound that is bleeding until this process stops:

With such an unpleasant problem from the nose, which can arise in everyone for one reason or another, whispering on the grass will help. You must, without looking, pull out any blade of grass with your left hand, saying:

Afterwards, this blade of grass should be applied to your nose.

Dicinon tablets for uterine bleeding - the effectiveness of the drug

This is a fairly effective synthetic hemostatic agent, prescribed for uterine bleeding in liquid form, for intravenous and intramuscular injections, as well as in tablets. It is believed that it is more effective to take these hemostatic tablets during uterine bleeding. But first, the woman is given an intravenous or intramuscular injection of this drug. The dosage, depending on the weight and age of the patient, and the amount of blood loss, is prescribed by the doctor.

After the injection, every 6 hours the woman takes tablets of this drug. Within a few hours after the injection, she begins to feel the positive effect of their effects. Often, it is also prescribed to women for preventive purposes. They take the pills from the fifth day of the menstrual cycle.

When using Dicinon for uterine bleeding without a doctor, it is worth studying the instructions for use, which describe how to take the drug correctly.

There is no need to doubt whether Dicinon tablets help with uterine bleeding. They are often used as a prophylactic before any operations to avoid large blood losses.

Some women take Dicinon not only for uterine bleeding, but also for heavy periods. And reviews about the drug are mostly positive.

Other conspiracies to stop bleeding

Universal rites and rituals that can be used to stop blood loss:

  1. With plantain and birch bark . Take a leaf of a young plant and remove the skin. Place the remaining portion on the wound and leave for a short time. Then replace the sheet with birch bark film and read the plot.
  2. Conspiracy for shedding blood . Read the prayer 3 times. Then blow on the wound.
  3. Press the wound firmly with two fingers . Next, say the magic words 3 times. After each reading, spit over your left shoulder.

Hemostatic herbs used in folk medicine to treat uterine bleeding

The most popular folk remedies for the treatment of uterine bleeding:

  • Nettle for uterine bleeding. The cooking recipe is very simple: 1 tablespoon of raw materials is poured with 200 grams of boiling water, and infused in a water bath for 10 minutes. The decoction should be taken every day, 2 tablespoons 5-6 times a day. It has hemostatic drugs and has no side effects, unless the patient has an individual intolerance to it.

  • Yarrow

    It has long been used to prevent thrombosis and as a hemostatic agent. A tincture of this plant is usually used, which you can prepare yourself, or buy in a ready-made form at a pharmacy or from herbalists.
  • Tincture of water pepper for uterine bleeding. Based on reviews, one of the most recommended drugs after childbirth and gynecological operations. Take 40 drops up to 4 times a day.
  • Horsetail . The decoction should be taken every 3 hours, a tablespoon.
  • Orange peel also helps. The peel of 7 oranges should be washed well, pour boiling water over it, add a little sugar to taste so that it is not too bitter, and take 12 teaspoons 4 times a day.
  • Beat two egg whites half a teaspoon of citric acid , mix everything and eat. The bleeding should stop. If this does not happen, the next day you need to repeat all this again.
  • Tea made from mint leaves and rowan berries , taken in equal parts, will also help alleviate the condition and stop uterine bleeding. You can drink this tea 3-4 times a day until complete recovery, and then, after some time, also for preventive purposes.

What is chronic metritis in women, its symptoms, and how to treat it?

Symptoms of uterine perforation in women are described below.

About the signs of mastitis in women: https://venerolog-ginekolog.ru/gynecology/diseases/vospalenie-molochnyih-zhelez-u-zhenshhin.html.

Rules for conducting rituals

In order for the conspiracy to bring the desired effect, you should adhere to the general rules:

  1. Stop worrying. It is recommended to calm down as much as possible.
  2. Read the prayers “Our Father” and “Theotokos” 9 times, “Angel of God” - 5 times. And only then begin the ritual.
  3. Accompany reading the plot with deep faith, while simultaneously visualizing stopping the bleeding.
  4. Change into clean clothes and wash your hands before the ceremony.
  5. Turning the magic words to yourself, make sure that no one is nearby. It is also forbidden to tell anyone about the ritual.
  6. In an emergency, repeat the magic words until improvement occurs.
  7. Choose any day for prayers except Monday. On this day, words do not have the necessary power. The best time of day is early morning, unless otherwise stated.

Prayer spells

A prayer coming from the heart and addressed to a saint will help stop blood loss. Before this, be sure to read the “Our Father” 3 times. It is impossible to change, omit or replace the words of the prayer; they are pronounced in their original form.

Prayer to Vasily:


Prayer to Vasily for bleeding.

Prayer to St. Hypatius of Pechersk:


Prayer to St. Hypatius of Pechersk for bleeding.

EMERGENCIES IN GYNECOLOGY

The frequency of acute gynecological diseases requiring emergency care varies widely. Timely diagnosis, adequate resolution of emerging organizational issues and provision of qualified care at the prehospital stage are the key to successful treatment of these patients.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Uterine bleeding is not associated with either organic changes in the genital organs or systemic diseases.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is divided into juvenile bleeding, which occurs in girls under 17 years of age, bleeding of the reproductive period and bleeding of the menopausal period (after 45 years).

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is caused by changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary-uterus system, which are based on disturbances in the rhythmic secretion of ovarian hormones.

Most often, dysfunctional uterine bleeding occurs during puberty and menopause, which is explained by the insufficient maturity of the reproductive system in girls and involutive changes in premenopause.

Juvenile uterine bleeding

Chronic and acute infectious diseases, unhealthy diet (hypovitaminosis), mental trauma and overload play an important role in the occurrence of bleeding. In this case, the leading role is given to the infectious-toxic influence.

As a result of prolonged (more than seven days) heavy bleeding, anemia develops (weakness, lack of appetite, headaches, pale skin, tachycardia).

Blood diseases with disturbances in the hemostatic system are considered as one of the causes of uterine bleeding during puberty. Often, uterine bleeding becomes the first manifestation of idiopathic autoimmune thrombopenic purpura (Werlhof's disease), hemorrhagic diathesis (insufficiency of X, VII coagulation factors), hemophilia type C, etc.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding of the reproductive period

Changes in the cyclic processes of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system are based on disorders of the ovarian receptor apparatus (inflammatory diseases) and hormonal homeostasis, abortion, diseases of the endocrine glands, neuroendocrine diseases, emotional stress, infectious diseases, intoxication, iatrogenic influences (in particular, the use of antipsychotics) . The clinical picture is largely determined by the duration of bleeding and the amount of blood loss.

Differential diagnosis is carried out with pregnancy pathology (tubal pregnancy, abortion, placental polyp), uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, endometrial diseases (polyposis, adenocarcinoma) and cervix.

A carefully collected anamnesis allows you to identify possible causes of bleeding.

A history of juvenile uterine bleeding, infertility or miscarriage may be signs of a disorder of the reproductive system (anovulation, hypofunction of the corpus luteum, etc.). Complaints of cyclic bleeding accompany organic diseases (fibroids, fibrous polyps). Pain during bleeding is characteristic of endometriosis. Obesity, stretch marks, and hypertrichosis revealed during examination indicate possible endocrine abnormalities.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding of menopause

Differential diagnosis of uterine bleeding during menopause has a clear oncological focus. All patients with dysfunctional uterine bleeding are subject to urgent hospitalization. In case of massive blood loss with a corresponding clinical picture, the administration of plasma replacement drugs is indicated (see above).

Acute abdomen in gynecology

We are talking about a syndrome that develops as a result of acute pathology in the abdominal cavity and is manifested by sudden pain in any part of the abdomen, peritoneal symptoms and pronounced changes in the patient’s condition.

Acute pain in the lower abdomen in women with severe peritoneal symptoms is possible with intra-abdominal bleeding (ectopic pregnancy, ovarian apoplexy; torsion of the pedicle of an ovarian cyst (cystoma); perforation of purulent tubo-ovarian formations; pelvioperitonitis).

Ectopic pregnancy is the implantation and development of a fertilized egg outside the uterine cavity. This pathology is caused by inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages, disruption of the functional state of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, sexual infantilism, and increased trophoblast activity.

Depending on the site of implantation of the fertilized egg, an ectopic pregnancy may be disrupted by the type of tubal abortion and rupture of the fallopian tube.

During a tubal abortion, the fertilized egg, not having the appropriate conditions for development, peels off from the walls of the fallopian tube and is expelled into the abdominal cavity. Due to the rhythmic contraction of the fallopian tube, blood enters the abdominal cavity periodically.

When the fallopian tube ruptures as a result of an ectopic pregnancy, the villi of the fertilized egg completely destroy the thin wall of the fallopian tube, and blood from the damaged vessels pours into the abdominal cavity. The bleeding is usually massive, so the clinical picture of fallopian tube rupture is dominated by signs of intra-abdominal bleeding. A rupture of the fallopian tube, as a rule, occurs suddenly against the background of absolute health, with a delay in menstruation by an average of three to four weeks.

Sudden and severe pain in the lower abdomen radiates to the rectum and is accompanied by dizziness, weakness, pallor, and fainting. The abdomen participates in the act of breathing to a limited extent, is painful on palpation and percussion, symptoms of peritoneal irritation are positive, and on percussion there is dullness in sloping areas. With continued bleeding, signs of hemorrhagic shock and posthemorrhagic anemia come to the fore.

Differential diagnosis is carried out with acute pancreatitis, perforated ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, acute appendicitis, torsion of the peduncle of an ovarian cyst, etc. An indication of delayed menstruation, subjective signs of pregnancy, and bleeding from the genital tract is important diagnostically.

Patients with an ectopic pregnancy need emergency care; if there is diagnostic doubt, hospitalization in a multidisciplinary hospital is indicated. Signs of intra-abdominal bleeding require immediate replenishment of the blood volume with any available blood-substituting solution, preferably dextrans or starch preparations. The infusion is continued until the patient is admitted to the hospital.

Ovarian apoplexy (ovarian rupture, ovarian infarction, ovarian hematoma) is an acute violation of the integrity of the ovary with hemorrhage into its stroma and subsequent bleeding into the abdominal cavity. Ovarian apoplexy occurs more often in women of reproductive age, but also occurs in adolescents. Ovarian rupture occurs due to congestive hyperemia, varicose or sclerotic vessels, as well as sclerotic changes in the stroma. Bleeding from the ovary is preceded by the formation of a hematoma, which causes sharp pain due to an increase in intraovarian pressure, followed by rupture of the ovarian tissue. An important role is played by dysfunction of the autonomic and endocrine systems, which leads to increased secretion of luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland. Apoplexy most often occurs during the period of ovulation, as well as during the stage of vascularization and flowering of the corpus luteum.

Ovarian apoplexy is accompanied by intra-abdominal bleeding and pain. Based on the predominance of one of them, anemic and painful forms of the disease are conventionally distinguished. It begins acutely, with sudden pain in the lower abdomen, mainly on the affected side. In the painful form, examination reveals pain in the lower abdomen, symptoms of peritoneal irritation are mild. In this situation, differential diagnosis with acute appendicitis is necessary. In the anemic form, all signs of intra-abdominal bleeding come to the fore.

Unlike an ectopic pregnancy, with ovarian rupture there is no indication of delayed menstruation, signs of pregnancy, or bleeding from the genital tract.

Ovarian apoplexy requires hospitalization in a multidisciplinary hospital. If there are signs of intra-abdominal bleeding, immediate administration of blood replacement solutions is required.

Torsion of the pedicle of an ovarian cyst (cystoma) is a complication of an existing ovarian cyst or cystoma. The onset of the disease is often associated with a sharp change in body position, an increase in intra-abdominal pressure as a result of severe straining, prolonged coughing, heavy physical work, as well as a disruption of the blood supply to the cyst. Torsion can occur acutely or develop gradually, and there is a disruption of the blood supply with swelling of the cyst, hemorrhage and necrosis of the parenchyma. There are partial (gradual) and complete (sudden) torsion.

With partial torsion, the leg changes its position by 90-180°, arterial blood flow is maintained, but venous outflow is difficult due to vascular compression, resulting in venous congestion and swelling of the cyst wall. With complete torsion (up to 360°), arterial blood flow stops, which causes necrobiotic processes in the ovarian cyst and the appearance of peritoneal symptoms, and if the cyst becomes infected, peritonitis. Pain in the lower abdomen from the side of the mass can be gradually increasing or acute. Nausea, vomiting, flatulence, intestinal paresis, tension in the anterior abdominal wall, and symptoms of peritoneal irritation are possible. Differential diagnosis is carried out with acute appendicitis and impaired ectopic pregnancy. Urgent hospitalization is required. There is no treatment provided at the prehospital stage.

Perforation of purulent formations of the uterine appendages

Inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs occupy a leading place in gynecological practice and remain the most common cause of hospitalization for women of reproductive age. Inflammatory diseases go through several stages, from acute inflammation to complex destructive tissue changes. The main mechanism for the development of inflammation is microbial invasion. At the same time, in the etiology of the purulent process, provoking factors occupy a significant and sometimes leading place. This is a physiological (menstruation, childbirth) or iatrogenic (abortion, intrauterine contraceptives, operations, hysteroscopy, in vitro fertilization) weakening or changing the barrier properties of the uterus and genital tract, contributing to the formation of an entrance gate for pathogenic microflora and its further spread. Infection occurs through intracanalicular, ascending, hematogenous and lymphogenous routes.

The clinical picture of inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs, in particular the uterine appendages, is now often blurred and asymptomatic. Pyosalpinx and tubo-ovarian abscess cause constant pain in the lower abdomen, mainly from inflammation, chills, high fever, weakness, and malaise. The pain radiates to the lower extremities and lumbar region. The abdomen is soft and may be moderately swollen. Patients experience tachycardia. There are no symptoms of peritoneal irritation, nausea, stool retention, and gases are possible. A purulent discharge sometimes appears from the genital tract.

With perforation of purulent formations, mild symptoms of peritonitis appear in the first hours, which are superimposed on the clinical picture of a severe inflammatory process. The pain can be intense, sometimes aching, and unclear localization. Chills, fever, and tachycardia accompany this stage of the disease. Often there is painful urination, loose stools, and bloating.

At the prehospital stage, the administration of analgesics is strictly unacceptable. Broad-spectrum and long-acting antibiotics are used. Antibiotics must have cross-efficacy for gynecological, urological, general surgical and other diseases). For example, ceftriaxone in a dose of 1-2 g intravenously or intramuscularly in combination with metronidazole 100 ml intravenously and amoxicillin 2.4 g intravenously in combination with metronidazole 100 ml intravenously meet the requirements.

A. M. Torchinov, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor A.Z. Khashukoeva, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor MGMSU, Moscow

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