Holiday calendar, signs, dates and events for every day of the year - folk calendar, Orthodox calendar, church calendar, eastern calendar, astrological calendar, lunar calendar, industrial calendar, state and professional holidays, including significant World and International holidays and public holidays, folk holidays and omens, and other equally interesting and unusual holidays, dates and events of the year, zodiac signs, dream books, and much more.
Calendar is a system for counting long periods of time, based on the periodicity of such natural phenomena as the change of day and night, the change of phases of the Moon , change of seasons.
Calendar - (from Latin Calendarium - debt book) a system for counting large periods of time, based on the visible movements of celestial bodies. The cyclic movement of such astronomical objects as the Earth, the Sun and the Moon is of primary importance for the construction and understanding of calendars. The word “calendar” itself comes from the Latin caleo (to proclaim), calendae (first day of the month) and, in fact, calendarium (debt book). A calendar is usually called a system of counting long periods of time based on the periodicity of natural phenomena, dividing them into shorter periods: millennia, centuries, years, months, weeks and days.
Calendar – (from Latin calendae or kalendae, “calends” - the name of the first day of the month among the ancient Romans), a way of dividing the year into convenient periodic time intervals. The main tasks of the calendar are: a) fixing dates and b) measuring time intervals.
The first calendar arose a long time ago, in ancient times, because there was a need to measure time. The word calendar comes from the Latin words caleo - to proclaim and calendarium - debt book. In Ancient Rome, debtors paid interest on the day of the calendar, the first days of the month) - a number system for large periods of time based on the periodicity of the movement of celestial bodies: the Sun - in solar calendars, the Moon - in lunar calendars, and at the same time both the Sun and Moon in lunisolar calendars .
The calendar allows you to record historical and social events in their chronological sequence. One of the important tasks of the calendar is to determine the moments of church events, moving and non-moving holidays (for example, Easter).
There are three main types of calendars: 1) lunar, 2) solar and 3) lunisolar.
1. Lunar calendar, which is based on a synodic lunar month with a duration of 29.5 average solar days. Originated over 30,000 years ago. The lunar year of the calendar contains 354 (355) days (11.25 days shorter than the solar one) and is divided into 12 months of 30 (odd) and 29 (even) days each (Muslim, Turkish, etc.). The lunar calendar is adopted as a religious and state calendar in the Muslim states of Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, the United Arab Republic and others. Solar and lunisolar calendars are used in parallel for planning and regulating economic activities.
2. Solar calendar, which is based on the tropical year. Originated over 6000 years ago. Currently accepted as the world calendar. For example, the “old style” Julian solar calendar contains 365.25 days. Developed by the Alexandrian astronomer Sosigenes, introduced by Emperor Julius Caesar in Ancient Rome in 46 BC and then spread throughout the world. In Rus' it was adopted in 988 NE. In the Julian calendar, the length of the year is determined to be 365.25 days; three “simple” years have 365 days each, one leap year has 366 days. There are 12 months in a year of 30 and 31 days each (except February). The Julian year lags behind the tropical year by 11 minutes 13.9 seconds per year. The error per day accumulated over 128.2 years. Over 1500 years of its use, an error of 10 days has accumulated.
In the "new style" Gregorian solar calendar, the length of the year is 365.242500 days (26 seconds longer than the tropical year). In 1582, the Julian calendar, by order of Pope Gregory XIII, was reformed in accordance with the project of the Italian mathematician Luigi Lilio Garalli (1520-1576). The counting of days was moved forward by 10 days and it was agreed that every century that is not divisible by 4 without a remainder: 1700, 1800, 1900, 2100, etc. should not be considered a leap year. This corrects an error of 3 days every 400 years. An error of 1 day “accumulates” in 3323 years. New centuries and millennia begin on January 1 of the “first” year of a given century and millennium: thus, the 21st century and the 3rd millennium AD (AD) began on January 1, 2001 according to the Gregorian calendar.
In our country, before the revolution, the “old style” Julian calendar was used, the error of which by 1917 was 13 days. On February 14, 1918, the world-accepted “new style” Gregorian calendar was introduced in the country and all dates moved forward 13 days. The difference between the old and new styles was 11 days in the 18th century, 12 days in the 19th century, and 13 days in the 20th century - this will remain until 2100.
The solar calendar usually focuses on four main dates - two equinoxes and two solstices. The accuracy of a calendar is determined by how accurately the equinox falls on the same day each year. The lunisolar calendar is an attempt to harmonize the length of the lunar month and the solar (tropical) year through periodic adjustments. To ensure that the average number of days per year according to the lunar calendar corresponds to the solar year, a thirteenth lunar month is added every 2 or 3 years. This trick is required to ensure that the growing seasons fall on the same dates each year.
3. Lunisolar calendar, in which the movement of the Moon is coordinated with the annual movement of the Sun. The year consists of 12 lunar months of 29 and 30 days each, to which “leap” years containing an additional 13th month are periodically added to take into account the movement of the Sun. As a result, “simple” years last 353, 354, 355 days, and “leap” years last 383, 384 or 385 days. It arose at the beginning of the 1st millennium BC and was used in Ancient China, India, Babylon, Judea, Greece, and Rome. Currently adopted in Israel (the beginning of the year falls on different days between September 6 and October 5) and is used, along with the state one, in the countries of Southeast Asia (Vietnam, China, etc.).
Next: History of calendars...
Church calendar for every day
The church calendar is a time counting system used by the Orthodox Church to determine the sequence of church holidays and fasts in the annual cycle, as well as the corresponding services. Also the name of printed publications of various types, containing (in addition to general calendar functionality) elements of the monthly calendar and other materials of a liturgical and menological nature adapted to a specific year. The Church calendar contains two annual circles of events... Church calendar
Life of Alexy of Moscow
Memorial Days:
- September 2 (movable) - Cathedral of Moscow Saints
- 22nd of June
- September 29 – Transfer of relics
Alexy Mechev was born in 1859 into a Christian family. There was always a friendly atmosphere in the house; guests were welcome at any time. Everyone in Alexy’s family had love for God, and he dedicated his life to serving the Lord.
Alexy graduated from the Zaikonospasskoye School, and then from the Moscow Theological Seminary. In 1880, on October 14, Alexy Mechev was accepted as a psalm-reader at the Znamenskaya Church of the Prechistensky Forty. Father George was the rector of the psalm-reader for many years, which were very difficult for him. The abbot turned out to be a stern and even cruel person, he often found fault, insulted and even beat Alexy. And yet, seeing off Father Georgy to another world, Mechev was sad, and at the funeral he stood with tears in his eyes. He believed that the abbot was his best teacher, to whom he owed a lot.
In 1884, Mechev married the daughter of psalm-reader Pyotr Molchanov, Anna. Then he became a deacon in the Church of the Sretensky Forty. The couple lived together for many years. The deacon's marriage was successful and very happy: the wife sincerely loved her husband, and in return he saw in her a friend and helper sent to him by the Lord. Alexy and Anna had five children, but the third, a boy, died at the age of one. For a strong, long marriage, the saint is revered as an assistant in family affairs. The prayer to Alexy Moskovsky is read when there is discord in the house, it helps to restore the love and respect that the spouses so need.
In 1893, Alexy became a priest in the St. Nicholas Church of the Presentation of the Forty at the insistence of Bishop Nester. Then the Church of St. Nicholas in Klenniki came under the control of Mechev. As rector, Alexy was present at all services, and often conducted them himself. People came to him for advice and help, and he did not deprive anyone of his attention. But he advised only once, and left those who tried to argue with him in the middle of the conversation.
In 1917, while reading a prayer service, Alexy and all the parishioners witnessed a miracle - tears flowed from the eyes of the Mother of God on the Feodorovskaya icon. What he saw shocked the priest and he was unable to continue his service. But after that, more and more people came to the church.
On June 22, 1923, the world said goodbye to Alexy. Now June 22 and September 29 are celebrated as the saint’s memory days.
Russian folk calendar for every day
Season: Winter - December, January, February.
Season: Spring - March, April, May.
Time of year: Summer - June, July, August.
Season: Autumn - September, October, November.
How do the prayers of Alexy of Moscow help?
All conflicts and quarrels in the family can be destructive, but prayer to Saint Alexy of Moscow can help with this misfortune. You can ask him for advice in matters of the heart or about happiness and prosperity for the family.
There are times when it seems that there is no way back, there is nothing good left, and the common past fades against the background of looming problems. But the request in prayer to Metropolitan Alexy of Moscow will definitely be heard. A saint can return lost peace and tranquility to a home and revive love. Faith teaches compassion and patience towards one's neighbor, which should become the basis of strong relationships.
It's not just family problems that are dealt with. A prayer to St. Alexis, Metropolitan of Moscow, is read by cancer patients who are addicted to alcohol. It cures many diseases, both body and soul.
Many troubles and problems of people are to blame for stress, which not only puts pressure mentally, but also affects human health. By reading a prayer to a saint, a person finds peace of mind and tranquility. It seems as if the abbot’s hand is still pointing the right path, as it was a hundred years ago.
Akathist to Saint Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Wonderworker
Brief life of St. Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow and All Rus'
Saint Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, wonderworker (in the world Eleutherius) was born in 1292 (according to other sources, 1304) in Moscow in the family of the boyar Theodore Byakont, a native of the Chernigov principality.
The Lord early revealed to the future saint his high destiny. In the twelfth year of his life, Eleutherius spread his nets to catch birds, fell asleep unnoticed by himself, and suddenly clearly heard a voice: “Alexy! Why are you working in vain? You will catch people." From that day on, the boy began to retire, often attend church, and at the age of fifteen he decided to become a monk. In 1320, he entered the Moscow Epiphany Monastery, where he spent more than twenty years in strict monastic endeavors. Its leaders and friends were the wonderful ascetics of this monastery - Elder Gerontius and Stefan, brother of St. Sergius of Radonezh. Then Metropolitan Theognostus ordered the future saint to leave the monastery and take charge of the judicial affairs of the Church. The saint fulfilled this position for 12 years with the title of metropolitan vicar. At the end of 1350, Bishop Theognost consecrated Alexy as Bishop of Vladimir. After the death of Theognostus, Patriarch Philotheus appointed Alexy metropolitan. The patriarch's desk letter to the new metropolitan dates back to June 30, 1354, according to it, Alexy, not being Greek, was elevated to the rank of metropolitan as an exception, for his virtuous life and spiritual merits. At that time, the Russian Church was torn apart by great unrest and strife, in particular due to the claims of Metropolitan Roman of Lithuania and Volhynia. In 1356, in order to put an end to the unrest and anxiety, the saint went to Constantinople to the Ecumenical Patriarch. Patriarch Callistus gave Alexy the right to be considered the Archbishop of Kyiv and Great Russia with the title of “all-honorable metropolitan and exarch.” On the way back, during a storm at sea, the ship was in danger of being lost. Alexy prayed and made a vow to build a temple to the saint on the day on which the ship would land on the shore. The storm subsided, the ship landed on August 16. Moscow greeted the saint with enthusiasm.
Despite all the troubles, Saint Alexy took care of his flock in every possible way - he installed bishops, established cenobitic monasteries (modeled on Trinity, founded by St. Sergius), and established relations with the Horde khans. More than once the saint himself had to travel to the Golden Horde. In 1357, the khan demanded from the Grand Duke that the saint come to him and heal the blind Taidula, his wife. “The petition and the deed exceed the measure of my strength,” said Saint Alexy, “but I believe in the One who gave the blind his sight; He will not despise the prayers of faith.” And indeed, through his prayer, sprinkled with holy water, the khan’s wife was healed.
When Grand Duke John died, the saint took his young son Demetrius (the future Donskoy) under his wing. The holy ruler had to work hard to reconcile and humble the obstinate princes who did not want to recognize the power of Moscow. At the same time, the Metropolitan did not stop working on the construction of new monasteries. In 1361, he founded the Monastery of the Savior of the Not Made by Hands on the Yauza River in Moscow (Andronikov, named after the disciple of St. Sergius, the first abbot of the monastery) according to a vow he made when the ship was in disaster during his trip to Constantinople; Miracles - in the Moscow Kremlin, two ancient monasteries were also restored - Blagoveshchenskaya in Nizhny Novgorod and Konstantino-Eleninskaya in Vladimir. In 1361, a women's dormitory named after him (Alekseevskaya) was also built.
Saint Alexy reached the ripe old age of 78 years, having served in the metropolitan see for 24 years. He died on February 12, 1378 and was buried according to his will in the Chudov Monastery. His relics were found miraculously 50 years later, after which they began to honor the memory of the great saint and man of prayer for the Russian land.
Complete Life of St. Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow and All Rus'
Saint Alexy came from a boyar family of the Chernigov principality and was called Eleutherius in the world. He was born in 1300 (according to other sources - in 1292, 1293, 1304) and from an early age was given to learning to read and write. “God first chose from his youth a shepherd of the sheep and a great teacher,” and early revealed to the future saint his high destiny. In the twelfth year of his life, Eleutherius spread his nets to catch birds, fell asleep unnoticed by himself, and suddenly clearly heard a voice: “Alexy! Why are you working in vain? You will catch people." From then on, the boy became thoughtful, silent, abandoned children's games and began to read Divine books more willingly. The inclination towards soul-saving reading and prayer grew in him every year, and soon his most ardent desire became to enter a monastery in order to completely devote himself to God.
And in 1320 he entered the Epiphany Monastery in Moscow and at the same time was tonsured with the name Alexy - in the 20th year. Alexy spent twenty years in the Epiphany Monastery, exhausting himself with fasting and vigil, prayers and tears, studying the Holy Scriptures, improving and rising in spiritual life. His mentor and leader was Elder Gerontius, experienced in spiritual life. Stefan, the brother of St. Sergius, who entered the Epiphany monastery, was his spiritual brother from 1337: they sang together in the choir and spiritually loved each other. Metropolitan Theognostus loved Stefan, Gerontius and Alexy and from time to time called them to him for spiritual conversations. Subsequently, the Metropolitan appointed Stefan as abbot of the monastery, and Alexy, appreciating his virtues and high talents, brought him closer to himself, entrusting him with the management of the judicial affairs of the Church. With such an attitude towards the Greek saint, Alexy felt the need to know Greek, spoken and written. While engaged in judicial affairs, he briefly learned about people and their weaknesses and acquired extensive and accurate information about church laws. For twelve years he served as a judge with the title of metropolitan vicar.
At the end of 1352 (1350) Bishop Theognost consecrated Alexy as Bishop of Vladimir. The Metropolitan and Grand Duke John Ioannovich decided at a general meeting that Blessed Alexy should be the successor of Theognostus at the metropolitan see. About this election, a letter was written to Constantinople at the same time with a request “not to appoint anyone else as Metropolitan of Russia like the Monk Alexy, who was the governor for many years and lived a very virtuous life.”
Having become a metropolitan in 1354, Saint Alexy began to engage in church affairs with tireless zeal. At that time, the Russian Church was torn apart by great unrest and strife, in particular, due to the claims of Metropolitan Roman of Lithuania and Volhynia, who demanded income from the Bishop of Tver. The saint knew that although under Metropolitan Theognostus they asked for a special metropolitan, it was not for long, and not in the form that Roman wanted.
And in order to put an end to the unrest and anxiety, the humble saint went to Constantinople in 1356, and Roman also appeared there. Patriarch Callistus confirmed to Roman that he would be the Metropolitan of Lithuania and Volyn, and granted Alexy to be considered the Archbishop of Kyiv and Great Russia, and with the title of “the most honorable Metropolitan and Exarch.” On the way back, a terrible storm arose at sea: the waves rolled like mountains, and the ship was every minute ready to disappear into the abyss. All those who were with the Metropolitan despaired of salvation. The saint prayed, prayed earnestly, vowing to build a temple in the name of the saint on the day on which the ship would land on the shore. The Lord heard the saint’s prayer. There was silence, and the ship landed on August 16th. And so the saint remained a vow debtor to the All-Merciful Savior.
In Moscow the expected saint was received with raptures of joy. And he turned with zeal to the affairs of the metropolis. Several dioceses were left without archpastors who died from a pestilence. He consecrated bishops in Rostov, Smolensk and Ryazan. At the same time, he deposed Bishop Athanasius of Sarai for disposing of a foreign diocese and dedicated John to Sarai. Taking every possible care of his flock, he established communal monasteries (modeled on Trinity, founded by St. Sergius). Saint Alexy worked hard to pacify unrest and civil strife, and established relations with the Horde khans.
The fame of the holy life of Metropolitan Alexy reached the capital of the Tatar Khan. Khan Janibek Taidul's wife fell into a serious illness and became blind. No amount of healing could restore her sight, and she decided to turn to Saint Alexis, whom she had heard of as a holy man. An embassy from the khan came to Moscow with a letter to the Grand Duke. “We heard,” the khan wrote, “that you have a servant of God who, if he asks God for anything, God listens to him. Release him to us, and if my queen heals through his prayers, you will have peace with me; If you don’t let him go, I will go and devastate your land.” The humble saint was embarrassed when the Grand Duke handed him the khan’s letter and asked him to carry out his will. Love for the fatherland and the Holy Church did not allow one to refuse to fulfill the will of the formidable khan; but how can a humble person take on such a great task? “The petition and the deed exceed the measure of my strength,” the saint said to the prince, “but I believe that the One who gave the blind his sight will not despise the prayers of faith.” The saint began to prepare for the journey. In the cathedral church, with the entire clergy, he performed a prayer service before the icon of the Mother of God and then before the shrine of St. Peter. During the prayer itself, suddenly, before the eyes of everyone, a candle at the tomb of the wonderworker Peter was lit by itself. Consoled, Alexy divided the wonderful candle into parts, distributed it as a blessing to those ahead, and, making a small candle from the remainder, took it along with the blessed water to perform a new prayer service in the Horde. He left Moscow on August 18, 1357. With firm faith he went to the Horde; and Taidula's faith was strengthened by the vision. When blessed Alexy was on the way, Taidula saw in a dream a husband dressed in holy clothes who came to her, and with him others dressed in vestments. She ordered the clothes to be arranged in the form she saw. The expected one was received with honor in the Horde. The saint served a prayer service over the sick woman with a wonderful candle, sprinkled her with holy water, and Taidula began to see. The grateful khan gave the saint a ring as an honor, which can still be seen in the patriarchal sacristy. The saint, having performed a miracle of faith among the people of darkness, returned to his homeland, and Taidula later interceded for Rus' for a long time.
Holy zeal for the good of the fatherland forced Saint Alexis to take the same path once again. Khan Janibek was villainously killed by his son Berdibek, who also killed 12 of his brothers. The ambassador of the new khan came to Moscow and demanded gifts from the Russian princes and invited them themselves to the Horde. They begged the saint to go again to the Horde to soften the cruelty of Berdibek. The danger was obvious. “But the good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep,” the saint said to himself and set off along the Volga to the Golden Horde. He had to experience a lot of oppression and sorrow in the Horde. But with the help of God he managed to win Berdibek’s favor. And the grateful Taidula could not forget her healer: through her, mercy was interceded for the Russian state and the Church: Saint Alexy received from Berdibek a label and protection of the Russian clergy.
When Grand Duke John died (1359), the guardianship of the minor Prince Dimitri (the future Donskoy) fell on the saint's shoulders. And for several years he was the civil and spiritual leader of Rus'. With his intelligence and extensive education, perseverance and strength of character, and pious and strict life, Saint Alexy gained universal respect for himself. Zealously caring for the piety of his entire flock and teaching them to fulfill Christian duties, the saint was a teacher and peacemaker of princes who quarreled among themselves over their possessions. Through the works of the saint, the power of the Grand Duke of Moscow grew and strengthened. He elevated Moscow as the center of Orthodoxy and the unity of Rus'.
Meanwhile, the saint was busy building the monastery of monasticism. In 1361, he founded a women's monastery in the name of his Guardian Angel - Alexy. In the same year, he founded a votive monastery on the banks of the Yauza River in the name of the Image of the Savior Not Made by Hands. The saint, turning to St. Sergius, said: “I want you to give me one of your disciples.” And the monk lovingly gave his disciple Andronik to be the abbot of the new monastery. In 1362, the saint founded a monastery 3 versts from Serpukhov. Here his disciple Varlaam, hitherto revered for his pious life, was the first abbot. After this, the saint fulfilled his previous intention to restore two ancient monasteries: Blagoveshchensky in Nizhny Novgorod and Konstantino-Elensky in Vladimir. In both of them he introduced a hostel. In 1365, a monastery was founded in the Kremlin itself in honor of the miracle of the Archangel Michael on the site donated by Queen Taidula. It was a grateful monument to the miracle that happened over the queen on the day of the celebration of the miracle in Colossae (September 6/19). The saint with all generosity built and decorated the temple of the Archangel Michael. He provided the maintenance of the monastery, where he intended to be a full hostel. “In the Miracle Monastery,” wrote the Monk Joseph of Volokolamsk, “the blessed Metropolitan Alexy planted honest elders, asking some from Saint Sergius, and took others from other monasteries that were under his hand; These monks lived a monastic life, a spiritual life, so that many came to them, old and young, and received benefit.” The most reliable mentor here was the saint himself. He loved this monastery and labored here, from time to time, in fasting and prayer. “I order the Monastery of Michael the Miracle to you, my son, Grand Duke Dimitri Ivanovich,” the saint wrote. He also advised the Grand Duke to build a stone Kremlin, safe from fires and reliable for protection against the enemy.
Since 1367, Saint Alexy had to endure a lot of sorrows and labors on the affairs of the Tver princes. Together with the Monk Sergius, he pacified Tver, and Prince Mikhail, after five years of enmity, was forced to humble himself before the Grand Duke Dimitri. The agreement was concluded through the mediation of Saint Alexis. In it we read: “With the blessing of our father, the Metropolitan of All Rus', the prince of Tver takes an oath for himself and for his heirs to recognize the Grand Duke of Moscow as his elder brother, never to seek the Vladimir estate and not to accept it from the khan.”
The Metropolitan often visited his desert friend, St. Sergius, and consulted with him about everything that related to church affairs. The wise advice of the humble elder and his holy life equal to the angels gave the saint the idea of preparing in the person of Sergius a worthy successor to the high priestly department. Feeling the weakening of his senile powers, he wanted to follow the example of his predecessor, Metropolitan Theognost, who, during his lifetime, together with the Grand Duke, asked the patriarch not to appoint another successor other than him, that is, Alexy.
And so he summoned St. Sergius to Moscow from his favorite solitude. The elder abbot goes on foot to his friend the metropolitan. The saint greeted the desert guest with love. In the midst of the conversation, he suddenly ordered to bring a golden “paramand” cross decorated with precious stones. With his own hands he laid a golden cross on Sergius, “as if as a sign of betrothal to the priesthood,” and said: “I would like, while I am alive, to find a man who could shepherd the flock of Christ after me. I know for sure that everyone, from the great power to the last person, will wish to have you as their shepherd. Now, in advance, you will be honored with the rank of bishop, and after my exodus you will receive my throne.”
The humble soul of Sergius was deeply confused by such an unexpected proposal from the elder saint. With great humiliation, even with sorrow, he began to renounce the honor offered to him, despite the long persuasion of the saint. Then the perspicacious saint saw that if he still insisted on his desire, he would force the Monk Sergius to retire into some unknown desert, and fearing that the lamp that illuminated his flock with a quiet light and the gracious warmth that warmed his flock might completely disappear, he changed the conversation. Having consoled the elder with a word of fatherly love, he sent him away in peace to the monastery.
Saint Alexy reached a ripe old age, 78 years old, having spent 24 years at the metropolitan see. In continuation of their ministry, more than 20 archpastors of the Russian Church were dedicated to them.
A precious monument of his pastoral teaching is the Gospel, the district letter to the flock and the letter to the Christians of the Nizhny Novgorod region. The Gospel of Saint Alexis, written in his own hand, is kept in the Chudov Monastery. It was written when the saint was in Constantinople, and, therefore, when he could have in his hands the best copies of the Greek Gospel. In the district teaching, the saint, having spoken about his duty to teach the flock and about the disposition with which the flock should receive instructions, says to everyone: “Come to the priest, the spiritual father, with repentance and tears; renounce all evil deeds and do not return to them. True repentance consists in hating your past sins. Having abandoned all your affairs, gather for church prayer without laziness. Don’t say: let’s drink for ourselves at home. Just as a temple without a fire cannot heat up from smoke alone, so this prayer without a church prayer. The Church is called the earthly heaven. In it the Lamb, the Son and Word of God, is slain for the cleansing of the sins of the whole world; it preaches the Gospel of the Kingdom of God and the writings of the holy apostles; in it is the throne of the glory of God, invisibly overshadowed by the Cherubim; in it, the Body and Blood of the Divine are received by priestly hands and taught to the faithful for the salvation and purification of soul and body. So, when entering the church, tremble in soul and body: you are not entering into a simple temple. Don’t dare, children, to anger God with your conversations in church. Have the sign of Christ in your souls. The sign for the sheep of God’s flock is the communion of the Body and Blood of Christ. You, children, like sheep of a verbal flock, do not miss a single fast without renewing this sign, partake of the Body and Blood of Christ.”
In his letter to the Nizhny Novgorod flock, he teaches the flock the fear of God. He says to the shepherds: “Do not be afraid of the face of the strong, forbid them to offend the lesser. Let there be peace, love and truth among Christians, not only in words and on the tongue, but in a pure heart and a straight soul. I am writing this not for abbots and priests alone, but also for princes and boyars, for husbands and wives, and for all Orthodox Christians. Have, children, care, humility and obedience to your spiritual fathers, since they teach you what is useful and saving for the soul.” The saint is glorified by the Holy Church as “a nourisher of widows and a father of orphans, a great helper to those in sorrow, a comfort to those who cry, a shepherd and mentor to all who err,” “ecclesiastical beauty,” “a great miracle worker,” “the luminary of the entire Russian metropolitanate,” “the golden Russian star.” "
The saint of God ended his earthly course on February 12, 1378. He bequeathed to lay his body in the Chudov Monastery, and indicated the place of burial “behind the altar of the temple”, not wanting, out of humility, to be buried in the temple. But the pious Grand Duke Dimitri Ioannovich Donskoy (1363–1389), who deeply revered the great saint, ordered that the body of Metropolitan Alexy be laid in the church, near the altar. His healing powers were discovered 50 years after his death.
May 20th Art. Art./June 2 – Finding and transferring honest relics
Since the first church, built in the Chudov Monastery by Saint Alexy himself in the name of the Holy Archangel Michael, in memory of his former miracle in Khoneh, was wooden, it happened that its roof, which had fallen into disrepair over time, collapsed during the Divine Liturgy, Moreover, according to God’s dispensation, everyone who was in the temple at that time remained unharmed. Then the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily Vasilyevich the Dark (1425–1462) ordered the construction of a stone temple. And when they began to dig ditches inside the former wooden church for the foundation of a new church, they found the relics of the great Saint Alexis intact and even the clothes on him undecayed. This was May 20, 1431. From that time on, they began to honor the memory of the saint. In the new church, consecrated, like the previous one, in the name of the Archangel Michael of God, a chapel was built in honor of the Annunciation of the Most Holy Theotokos, in which the multi-healing relics of St. Alexis were placed.
In 1484, under the rector of the Chudov Monastery, Archimandrite Gennady (from December 12, 1484 - Archbishop of Novgorod; commemorated December 4/17), the construction of a new refectory with a temple in the name of St. Alexy began in the monastery. In 1485, his holy relics were transferred to the new refectory church and placed near the southern wall, where they were kept for two centuries. On February 12, 1535, on the day of remembrance of the saint, his relics were transferred to a new silver tomb.
On May 20, 1686, under the Patriarch of All Russia Joachim († 1690), the relics of the saint were solemnly transferred from the refectory church, which had by that time dilapidated, to the arch between the newly built church in honor of the Annunciation of the Most Holy Theotokos and the church in the name of St. Alexis, where they rested openly. Now the holy relics rest in the Epiphany Patriarchal Cathedral in Moscow.
Since the discovery of the relics, healings and miracles of various kinds have flowed from the saint of God in an abundant stream.
See also: “ The Life of Our Holy Father Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Wonderworker” as presented by St. Demetrius of Rostov.
See also: “ The Finding and Transfer of the Honorable Relics of Alexy, Metropolitan of All Russia and Wonderworker” as presented by St. Demetrius of Rostov.
See also: “ Celebration of the Moscow saints Peter, Alexy, Jonah and Philip” as presented by St. Demetrius of Rostov.
Prayers to Saint Alexy of Moscow (Mechev)
Troparion, tone 3
Like a miracle of God, you appeared,/ in the city of Moscow, Father Alexis,/ not in the desert, but in the midst of rumors, you flourished,/ in the time of fierce apostasy,/ you became like the ancients Thou art a seer, a man of prayer and an elder, and a comforter to the afflicted and the doctor,/ for this sake for the Russian flock,/ be an immutable intercessor now, // a prayer book for our souls.
Translation: Like a miracle of God, you appeared in the city of Moscow, Father Alexy, for you blossomed not in the desert, but in the midst of (worldly) bustle, in the cruel times of the Apostasy, but you became like the ancients (ascetics), being a seer, a man of prayer and an elder, a comforter to the suffering and a doctor, therefore for the Russian flock, be now an unchanging intercessor, a prayer book for our souls.
Troparion, tone 1
Help in troubles and comfort in sorrows, good shepherd, Father Alexis, through the feat of old age you shone upon the world, you confessed the faith and love of Christ in the darkness of lawlessness, more knowing in your heart about all those who flow to you. And now pray to God for us, who honor you with love.
Translation: Help in troubles and comfort in sorrows, good shepherd, Father Alexy, for in the feat of eldership you shone to the world, you confessed the faith and love of Christ in the darkness of iniquity, your heart aching for everyone who comes to you. And now pray to God for us, who lovingly honor you.
Troparion for the transfer of relics, tone 4
The day of a new celebration has come, / the city of Moscow rejoices, / and the whole Russian country rejoices / with new spiritual stumps, / today is a sacred celebration / in the offering of honest and multi-healing relics / of the righteous and miracles Rtsa Alexy, / as if the bright light shone upon us with blessed rays ,/ consuming the darkness of illness and passions/ from those who sing diligently,/ save us with your prayers// our righteous Alexis.
Translation: The day of a new celebration has come, the city of Moscow rejoices, and the entire Russian country sings new spiritual chants, for today is a sacred holiday in honor of the transfer of the revered and healing relics of the righteous and wonderworker Alexy, who, like a bright light, shone upon us with blessed rays, dispersing the darkness of illnesses and passions from those who persistently sing, save us with your prayers, righteous Alexy, our father.
Kontakion
You, the righteous elder than Alexie, have undertaken great works of love and mercy, from the holy shepherd of Kronstadt a blessing to help the suffering, having received, misfortune and sorrow of people, as you believe Place your legs on your frame. We, leading you boldly to the Lord as a prayer book, call to you with tenderness: pray to Christ God to save our souls.
Translation: You took on great feats of love and mercy, righteous elder Alexy, having received a blessing from the holy shepherd of Kronstadt to help the suffering, you placed the troubles and sorrows of people like chains on your shoulders. We, knowing you as a daring prayer book to the Lord, cry out in heartfelt contrition: “Pray to Christ God for the salvation of our souls.”
Greatness to the righteous Alexy of Moscow (Mechev)
We magnify you, holy and righteous Father Alexis, and honor your holy memory, for you pray for us, Christ our God.
Prayer to Righteous Alexy of Moscow (Mechev)
Oh, our all-honorable and blessed Father Alexis, the wondrous Elder of Moscow and praise and joy to the whole Russian Church! Having great love for the Lord, unfailingly fulfilling the covenants of the Gospel, you laid down your soul for your flock, grieving with a merciful heart for everyone who asked for your help. Accept this little prayer of ours, and as in your earthly life you wiped away every tear, eased every sorrow, so now, merciful prayer book and our intercessor, take away the burdens , our illnesses and sorrows, fill our suffering hearts with joy, beg God, the Lover of mankind, for forgiveness our countless sins, so that having cleansed our souls with repentance, let us begin to do good. To her, good elder, be a good shepherd for us too, guiding us on the path of salvation, so that through your prayers we will immaculately pass the path of our life and find the Heavenly Fatherland, where you are with the angels and holy to all Before us stand the Throne of the Holy Trinity, glorifying the Beginning Father with His Only Begotten Son and the Most Holy One , and the Good, and His Life-giving Spirit forever and ever. Amen.
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Orthodox prayer - Orthodox book
What do they pray to Saint Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow?
Saint Alexy (worldly name Eleutherius, according to another version - Simeon) was born in Moscow in 1302 or 1304 into a boyar family. He acquired many spiritual virtues and gifts, especially the outstanding gift of prayer and the gift of miracles. Through his prayer, many sick people received healing, especially those suffering from blindness and other eye diseases. The saint reposed in the Lord at a ripe old age on February 12, 1378. They pray to Saint Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow, for the strengthening of faith in our Fatherland, for the help of the Holy Orthodox Church, for the salvation and protection of Orthodox Russians, for the preservation of our homeland and other countries in peace, for deliverance from famine, deadly diseases and attacks from external enemies. He is asked to seek from the Lord consolation for the elders, good upbringing for the young, admonition for the insane, as well as protection for widows, orphans and infants, the return of captives, healing of the sick (especially from blindness and other eye diseases), consolation in sorrows and other benefits for the earthly life. and the future life.
Prayer to Saint Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow
O most honorable and sacred head and filled with the grace of the Holy Spirit, the abode of the Savior with the Father, great bishop, our warm intercessor, Saint Alexis! Standing at the Throne of all the King and enjoying the light of the Consubstantial Trinity and cherubically with the Angels proclaiming the Trisagion hymn, having great and unexplored boldness towards the All-Merciful Master, pray to your flock to save people, your only begotten tongue; establish the welfare of the holy churches; Decorate the bishops with the splendor of holiness; Strengthen the monastics to the feat of the good current; this city (or this holy monastery), and all cities and countries, preserve well, and pray for the holy, immaculate faith; pacify the entire world through your intercession, deliver us from famine and destruction and save us from the attacks of foreigners; comfort the old, instruct the young; make the fools wise, have mercy on the widows, intercede for the orphans, grow up the babies, bring back the captives, heal the infirm, and warmly calling you everywhere and flowing with faith to the race of your honest and multi-healing relics, diligently falling and praying to you from all misfortunes and troubles through your intercession, let us call you : O God-chosen shepherd, the all-bright star of the mental firmament, the secret of Zion, the invincible pillar, the world-inspired flower of paradise, the all-golden mouth of the Word, Moscow’s praise, the adornment of all Russia! Pray for us to the All-Generous and Humane-loving Christ our God, so that on the day of the terrible coming of His Holy Standing He will deliver us and create the joys of the saints as partakers with all the saints forever and ever. Amen.
© Mikhail Tikhomirov Quoted in abbreviation from the book: PRAYERS TO THE SAINTS OF GOD WITH BRIEF INFORMATION ABOUT LIVES AND HELP FOR DIFFERENT NEEDS. – M.: Publishing house. Tikhomirova M.Yu., 2021.
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