Great Martyr abbreviation. Church abbreviations. What is sorokoust and how to order it

History[edit]

The Jewish scribes and Talmud scholars also frequently resorted to abbreviations. Between the seventh and ninth centuries the ancient Roman system of abbreviations gave way to a more complex one, which gradually grew up in the monastic houses and offices of the new Teutonic kingdoms.

Merovingian, Lombard and Anglo-Saxon scripts each offer their own abbreviations, not to mention the unique scotica manus or libri scottice scripti (Irish hand, or books written in the medieval Irish hand). Eventually, such productive centers of technical manuscripts as the Pontifical Chancellery, the ecclesiastical schools of Paris and Oxford, and the civil law school of Bologna set the standard for abbreviations throughout Europe.

Manuscripts[edit]

Medieval manuscripts are replete with abbreviations, partly due to the abandonment of the uncial, or quasi-uncial, and the almost universal use of cursive handwriting. The medieval writer inherited something from Christian antiquity; others he invented or adapted to save time and parchment.

They are found especially in manuscripts of scholastic theology and canon law, annals and chronicles, Roman law, as well as in administrative documents, civil and privileges, bulls, rescripts. They multiplied over time and were never as numerous as on the eve of the opening of printing; many of the early printed books have this feature, along with other characteristics of the manuscript page.

Prayers

Troparion, kontakion, common magnification of the holy martyr

Troparion, tone 4
And by character a communicant, / and a vicar of the throne, an apostle, / you gained action, inspired by God, / in a vision rising, / for this sake, correcting the word of truth, / and for the sake of faith you suffered even to the point of blood, / holy martyr (name), / pray to Christ God / for our souls to be saved.

Troparion, voice of the same

Having learned goodness, and being sober in all, / you were sacredly enveloped in a good conscience, / you drew from the chosen vessel the ineffable / and, having observed the faith, you completed the same course, / holy martyr (name), / pray to Christ God / for the salvation of our souls.

Kontakion, voice of the same

Having lived piously among the saints / and gone through torment, / you extinguished the sacrifices of idols, / and became a champion of your flock, God-wise. / In the same way, we honor you and secretly cry out to you: / deliver us from troubles continually with your prayers, / our father (name).

Greatness

We magnify you, / holy martyr (name of the rivers), / and honor your holy memory: / for you pray for us / Christ our God.

Troparion, kontakion, glorification of the holy martyrs

Troparion, tone 4

God our father, / always deal with us according to Your meekness, / do not leave Your mercy from us, / but through their prayers / guide our life in peace.

Kontakion, tone 3

Like the lamps of the never setting of the rational sun, / having come together today to praise with songs, / they shone for those who naturally exist in the darkness of unreason, / calling everyone to the height of piety, the holy martyr. / Thus we cry to you: / Rejoice, foundation of all fasters.

Greatness

We magnify you, / holy martyrs of Christ, / and honor your holy memory: for you pray for us / Christ our God.

Print [edit]

The development of printing led to the abandonment of many abbreviations while it proposed and introduced new ones, a process that was also aided by the growth of church legislation, the creation of new offices, etc. There were fewer medieval abbreviations in the texts of widely used books. in public events, for example, in missals, antiphonaries, the Bible; One way or another, the needs of students seem to have been the main reason for most medieval cuts.

Abbreviations were usually solid periods or dots (mostly in Roman antiquity), semicolons (eventually stylized), lines (horizontal, perpendicular, oblong, wavy curves, and commas). Vowel sounds were often written not after consonants, but on top of them. Some letters, such as p and q, occur at extreme values. frequency, for example in prepositions and endings, has become the source of many peculiar abbreviations; similarly, frequently repeated words such as et (and), est (is). Habit and convenience are the main motives for using abbreviations today.

Most of those currently in use fall into one of the following categories: administrative, liturgical, scholastic, and chronological.

Abbreviations adopted in church calendars

Personalities

The abbreviation of the plural of a term is usually formed from the abbreviation of the singular by doubling the last letter.

Example: St. - saint, sv. - the Saints.

Administrative [edit]

The first class of abbreviations includes abbreviations used in Papal documents. They were once very numerous, and lists of them can be seen in the works cited below (for example, Quantin, Prou). It would be good to state at once that since December 29, 1878, by order of Leo XIII, the great papal documents (Litterae Apostolicae) are no longer written in the old Gothic script known as bollatico; all abbreviations, with the exception of a few obvious ones such as SRE, were abolished by the same body (Acta Sanctae Sedis, XI, 465–467). In conducting ordinary business transactions, Roman congregations are in the habit of using certain short and pithy formulas (for example, Negative = "No"; Negative et ampius = "No with emphasis"). Correctly speaking, these are not abbreviations. For a list of these, see canon law. This class also includes abbreviations for the names of most visits.

The full Latin names of all existing (Latin) dioceses can be seen in the Roman yearbook "Gerarchia Cattolica", a complete list of the Latin names of all known dioceses (existing or extinct) can be found in Comte's large tome. de Mas Latry, "Trésor de chronologie, d'histoire et de géographie" (Paris, 1884). For the same purpose, the reader may also consult the episcopal catalogs of the Benedictine Pius Boniface Gams, Serie Episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae (Ratisbon, 1873–86) and the Franciscan Conrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Ævi

(Munster, 1898–1902).

Under this general heading may be included all abbreviated forms of address in ordinary communication, whether of individuals or members of religious orders, congregations, institutions, to which may be added the forms of address customary for members of Catholic lay societies and pontifical orders. merit. (See Catholic Societies, Orders of Merit.) Abbreviations for the titles of Roman congregations and individual canonical ecclesiastical authorities also belong to this class.

Excerpt characterizing Church abbreviations

– Remember that everything depends on this for you. At this time, the arrival of the minister with his son was not only known in the maiden's room, but the appearance of both of them was already described in detail. Princess Marya sat alone in her room and tried in vain to overcome her inner agitation. “Why did they write, why did Lisa tell me about this? After all, this cannot be! - she said to herself, looking in the mirror. - How do I get out into the living room? Even if I liked him, I couldn’t be on my own with him now.” The thought of her father's gaze terrified her. The little princess and m lle Bourienne had already received all the necessary information from the maid Masha about what a ruddy, black-browed handsome minister's son was, and about how daddy dragged them with force to the stairs, and he, like an eagle, walking three steps at a time, ran after him. Having received this information, the little princess and M lle Bourienne, still audible from the corridor in their animated voices, entered the princess’s room. – Ils sont arrives, Marieie, [They arrived, Marie,] do you know? - said the little princess, wobbling her belly and sitting heavily on the chair. She was no longer in the blouse in which she had sat in the morning, but she was wearing one of her best dresses; her head was carefully adorned, and there was a liveliness on her face, which, however, did not hide the drooping and deadened contours of her face. In the attire in which she usually wore to social gatherings in St. Petersburg, it was even more noticeable how much she had looked worse. M lle Bourienne also unnoticed some improvement in her outfit, which made her pretty, fresh face even more attractive. – Eh bien, et vous restez comme vous etes, chere princesse? – she spoke. – On va venir annoncer, que ces messieurs sont au salon; il faudra descendre, et vous ne faites pas un petit brin de toilette! [Well, are you still wearing what you were wearing, princess? Now they will come to say that they are out. We’ll have to go downstairs, but at least you’ll dress up a little!] The little princess got up from her chair, called the maid and hastily and cheerfully began to come up with an outfit for Princess Marya and put it into execution. Princess Marya felt insulted in her sense of self-worth by the fact that the arrival of her promised groom worried her, and she was even more insulted by the fact that both of her friends did not even imagine that it could be otherwise. To tell them how ashamed she was for herself and for them was to betray her anxiety; Moreover, to refuse the outfit that was offered to her would have led to lengthy jokes and insistence. She flushed, her beautiful eyes went out, her face became covered with spots, and with that ugly expression of victim that most often settled on her face, she surrendered to the power of m lle Bourienne and Lisa. Both women cared quite sincerely about making her beautiful. She was so bad that not one of them could think of competing with her; therefore, quite sincerely, with that naive and firm conviction of women that an outfit can make a face beautiful, they set about dressing her. “No, really, ma bonne amie, [my good friend], this dress is not good,” said Lisa, looking sideways at the princess from afar. - Tell me to serve, you have masaka there. Right! Well, this may be the fate of life is being decided. And this is too light, not good, no, not good! It was not the dress that was bad, but the face and the whole figure of the princess, but M lle Bourienne and the little princess did not feel this; It seemed to them that if they put a blue ribbon on their hair combed up, and pulled down a blue scarf from a brown dress, etc., then everything would be fine. They forgot that the frightened face and figure could not be changed, and therefore, no matter how they modified the frame and decoration of this face, the face itself remained pitiful and ugly. After two or three changes, to which Princess Marya obediently submitted, the minute she was combed up (a hairstyle that completely changed and spoiled her face), in a blue scarf and an elegant dress, the little princess walked around her a couple of times with her small hand she straightened a fold of her dress here, tugged at a scarf there and looked, bowing her head, now from this side, now from the other. “No, that’s impossible,” she said decisively, clasping her hands. – Non, Marie, decidement ca ne vous va pas. Je vous aime mieux dans votre petite robe grise de tous les jours. Non, de grace, faites cela pour moi. [No, Marie, this definitely does not suit you. I love you better in your gray everyday dress: please do this for me.] Katya,” she said to the maid, “bring the princess a gray dress, and see, m lle Bourienne, how I will arrange it,” she said with a smile of artistic anticipation joy. But when Katya brought the required dress, Princess Marya sat motionless in front of the mirror, looking at her face, and in the mirror she saw that there were tears in her eyes and that her mouth was trembling, preparing to sob. “Voyons, chere princesse,” said M lle Bourienne, “encore un petit effort.” [Well, princess, just a little more effort.]

Liturgical[edit]

The second class of abbreviations includes those used in describing liturgical acts or instructions for their performance, such as Holy Mass, Divine Office (Breviary), church services, etc. Abbreviated forms for names from God, Jesus Christ, etc. may also be classified here. and the Holy Spirit; also for the names of the Blessed Virgin Mary, saints, etc.; similarly the abbreviations used in the administration of the Sacraments, funeral epitaphs, etc. (to which class do numerous Catacomb inscriptions belong); finally, some abbreviations similar to those used in the publication of documents relating to beatification and canonization.

Some abbreviations in English and Latin sources

This list is based on the article in The Original Catholic

)[2], from which only those abbreviations were selected that have
a relative
correspondence in the above dictionary. This list does not serve as an English-Russian dictionary and is provided here for reference purposes only and to ensure compatibility with the corresponding English Wikipedia article. The original subsection headings have been preserved and translated into Russian.

From the Apostolic Acts and Documents

• Fr.
  – Frater (“en:Brother”)
• Frum.
  – Fratrum (“Of the Brothers”)
• Pbr.
  – Presbyter (“en:Priest”)
• PP.
  – Papa (“en:Pope”)
• Pr.
  – Pater (“en:Father”)
• Venebli
  – Venerabili (“en:Venerable”)

Commonly used in church vocabulary

From the inscriptions in the catacombs

• M.
  – Martyr, or Memoria (“Memory”) or Monumentum (“Monument”)
• MM.
  – Martyres (“Martyrs”)
• PRB.
  – Presbyter (“Priest”)

Abbreviations used in the apostolic rescripts[edit]

• Absoluo.
  — Absolutio (“absolution of sins”)
• Alr.
  — Aliter (“Otherwise”)
• Application.
  — Apostolika (“Apostolic”)
• Appatis.
  — Aprobatis (“Approved”)
• Archbishop
  — Archbishop (“Archbishop”)
• Aucte.
  — Auctoritate (“By Power”)
• Kanis.
  — Canonice (“Canonically”)
• Map.
  — Cardinalis (“Cardinal”)
• Price
  - Censuris (“Censure” - abl. Or dat. Case)
• Circumpeone.
  - Circumspectione (“Circumvention” - abl. Case)
• Koyone.
  - Communione ("Communion" - abl. Case)
• Confeone.
  - Confessione (“Confession” - abl. Case)
• Consciae.
  — Conscientiae (“With conscience [or] conscience”)
• Constbus
  - Constitutionbus ("Constitutions" - abl. Or dat. Case)
• discreoni.
  — Discretioni (“At discretion”)
• Dispensao.
  — Dispensatio (“Dispensation”)
• Dnus
  - Dominus ("Lord", "Master" or "master")
• Eccl.
  — Ecclesiae (“Churches [or Churches]”)
• Ecclis.
  — Ecclesiasticis (“Ecclesiastical”)
• Effum.
  — Effectum (“Effect”)
• Epus.
  — Bishop (“Bishop”)
• Excoe.
  – Excommunicatione (“Excommunication” – abl. Case)
• Exit.
  — Existit (“Exists”)
• Fri.
  — Brother (“Brother”)
• Frum.
  — Fratrum (“Brothers”)
• Gnalis
  - Generalis ("General")
• Touched.
  — Humiliter (“Humbly”)
• Humoy.
  — Khujusmodi (“of this kind”)
• Games
  — Igitur (“Therefore”)
• Infraptum.
  — Infrascriptum (“Written below”)
• Intropta.
  — Introscripta (“Written inside”)
• Wrong.
  - Irregularitate ("Irregularity" - abl. Case)
• Leah.
  — Licentia (“License”)
• Litma.
  — Legitima (“Lawful”)
• Lre.
  — Litterae (“Letters”)
• Lte.
  — Licite ("Lawful", or "lawful")
• Magro.
  - Magistro (“Master” - dat. Or abl. Case
• mph
  – Metaphysics
• World.
  — Misericorditer ("Mercifully")
• Miraone.
  - Miseratione ("Pity" - abl. Case)
• Mrimonium.
  — Matrimonium (“Marriage”)
• Nultus.
  — Nullatenus (“Novise”)
• Ordinaoni.
  — Ordinationi (“Ordination” - dated case)
• Ordio.
  - Ordinario (“Ordinary” - dat. Or abl. Case)
• Pbr.
  — Presbyter (“Priest”)
• Singing.
  — Poenitentia ("Repentance" or "repentance")
• Peniaria.
  — Poenitentsiaria (“Penitentiary”; that is, the Bureau of the Apostolic Penitentiary)
• Pntium.
  — Praesentium (“From those present” or “This present letter”)
• By.
  - Posse (“Be able to” or “Ability to do something”)
• Ponta.
  — Pontificate (“Pontificate”)
• PP.
  — Papa (“Papa”)
• Etc.
  — Pater (“Father”)
• Prophet
  — Prosecutor
• Ptur.
  — Praefertur (“Preferred” or “Moved forward”)
• Ptus.
  — Praefatus ("What has been said above")
• Qd.
  — Quod (“Because”, “That” or “What”)
• Qmlbt.
  — Quomodolibet (“by any means”)
• Qtnus.
  — Quatenus (“To the extent that”)
• Relione.
  - Religione ("Religion" or "Religious order" - abl. Case)
• Rlari.
  — Regulari (“Regular”)
• Roma.
  — Romana ("Roman")
• Salry.
  — Salutari (“Saving”)
• Snya.
  — Sententia (“Opinion”)
• Sntae., Stae.
  - Sanctae (“Holy”, or “Saints” - feminine)
• Spealer.
  - Specialiter (“Specially”)
• Spualibus
  - Spiritualibus (“In spiritual matters”)
• Supplioni.
  - Supplicationibus (“Plea” - dat. Or ex. Case)
• Tia, Teolia.
  — Theology (“Theology”)
• Aphids.
  Titles - ("Titles")
• Tm.
  — Tantum (“So much” or “Only”)
• Tn.
  — Tamen (“Nevertheless”)
• Venebli
  -
  Venerabili
  ("Venerable")
• Vrae.
  — Vestra (“Yours”)

Abbreviations in common use, mostly ecclesiastical[edit]

• AB
  – Artium Baccalaureus (“Bachelor of Arts”)
• Ab.
  — Abbas (“The Abbot”)
• Abp.
  — archbishop
• Abs.
  - Absens (“Absent”)
• AC
  - Auditor Camerae (Auditor of the Papal Treasury)
• AC
  - Ante Christum ("Before Christ"); Anno Christi
• ACN
  - Ante Christum Natum (Before the Nativity of Christ)
• AD the
  year of our Lord")
• ad
  - ante diem (“On the eve”)
• Adm.
  Reverend - Admodum Reverendus ("Venerable")
• Adv.
  — Adventus (“Advent”)
• Alb.
  - Albus ("White" - Breviary)
• al.
  - alii, alibi, alias (“others”, “elsewhere”, “otherwise”)
• AM
  - Anno Mundi (“in the year of peace”)
• AM
  – Artium Magister (“Master of Arts”)
• AMDG
  - Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam ("For the Great Glory of God")
• An.
  — Annus (“Year”)
• Anya.
  — Annie (“The Years”)
• Ana, Ant.
  — Antiphon
• Mail.
  — Apostol (“Apostle”)
• Ap.
  Sed. — Apostolica Sedes (“Apostolic See”)
• Ap.
  Sed. Leg. — Apostolicae Sedis Legatus (“Legate of the Apostolic See”)
• Archbishop
  — Archbishop (“Archbishop”)
• Archid.
  — Archdeaconus (“Archideacon”)
• Archiprb.
  — Archpriest (“Archpriest”)
• ARS
  - Anno Reparatae Salutis ("In the Year of Our Redemption")
• AU
  - Alma Urbs ("Favorite City" - i.e. Rome)
• Authentic.
  - Authentica (“Authentic” - for example, letters)
• Add.
  - Auxilium, Auxilio (“Help”, “With help”)
• BA
  – Baccalaureus Artium (“Bachelor of Arts”)
• B. VV.
  — Beatus, Beati (“Blessed One”)
• BC .
  — Until the Nativity of Christ
• BCL
  - Baccalaureus Civilis [or Canonicae] Legis ("Bachelor of Civil [or Canonical] Law")
• BD
  - Bachelor of Divinity
• BF
  – Bona Fide (“In good faith”)
• Ben.
  — Benedictio (“The Blessing”)
• Benevol.
  — Benevolentia (“Benevolence”)
• Bon.
  Mem. — Bonae Memoriae (“Happy Memory”)
• BP
  - Beatissime Pater ("Holy Father")
• Bro.
  - Brother
• B.Se.
  — Baccalaureus Scientiarum (“Bachelor of Science”)
• BUJ
  - Baccalaureus Utriusque Juris ("Bachelor of both laws", i.e.
  civil
  and canonical)
• BT
  - Baccalaureus Theologiae ("Bachelor of Theology")
• BV
  - Beatitudo Vestra ("Your Holiness")
• BV
  - Beata Deva ("Holy Virgin")
• BVM
  - Beata Deva Maria ("Blessed Virgin Mary")
• Cam.
  — Chamber (Papal Treasury)
• Cam.
  Ap. — Camera Apostolica (“Apostolic Chamber” - i.e. Papal Treasury)
• Maybe.
  — Canonicus
• Canc.
  — Cancellarius (“Chancellor”)
• A cap.
  - Capitulum ("Little Chapter" - Breviary)
• A cap.
  de seq. — Capitulum de Sequenti (“Little Chapter of the Next Feast” - Breviary)
• Drops.
  — Kapella (“Chapel”)
• Cause.
  — Causa (“Reason”)
• CC
  - Curatus ("Curate" - used mainly in Ireland)
• CC.
  V.V. — Clarissimi Viry (Illustrious Men)
• Cen.
  Eccl. — Censura Ecclesiastica (“Church Censure”)
• Cla.
  — Clausula (“Clause”)
• Cl., Clico.
  — Clericus, Clerico (“Cleric”)
• Clun.
  — Cluniacenses (“Monks of Cluny”)
• CM
  - Causa Mortis ("On the occasion of death")
• Cod.
  — Codex (manuscript)
• Cog.
  Leg. — Cognatio Legalis (“Legal Recognition”)
• Cog.
  Spirit. — Cognatio Spiritualis (“Spiritual knowledge”)
• Coll.
  Cone. — Collectio Conciliorum (“Collection of Advice”)
• Comm.
  Prec. — Commemoratio Praecedentis (“Commemoration of the previous holiday” - Breviary)
• Comm.
  Seq. — Commemoratio Sequentis (“Celebration of the next holiday” - Breviary)
• Set
  — Complectorium (“Compline” — Breviary)
• Against.
  - Contra (“against”)
• Cone.
  — Consilium (“Council”)
• Conf.
  - confessor
• Conf.
  Dr. — Confessor and Doctor (Trebnik)
• Conf.
  Pont. — Confessor Pontiff (“Confessor and Bishop” - Breviary)
• Minuses.
  — Consecratio (“Consecration”)
• Consecr.
  — Consecratus (“Consecrated”)
• Fast.
  Ap. — Constitutio Apostolica (“Apostolic Constitution”)
• Cr.
  — Credo (“Credo” - Breviary)
• D.
  - Dominus (“Lord”)
• d.
  - dies (“day”)
• DCL
  - Doctor Civilis [or Canonicae] Legis ("Doctor of Civil [or Canonical] Law")
• DD
  - Doctores (“Doctors”)
• DD
  - Donum grandfather; Dedikavit (“gave”, “dedicated”)
• DD
  - Doctor Divinitatis (“Doctor of Divinity” - i.e. theology)
• December
  – Decanus (“Dean”)
• Def.
  — Defunctus (“Deceased”)
• DG
  - Dei Gratia ("By the Grace of God")
• DN
  - Dominus Noster (“Our Lord”)
• DNJC
  - Dominus Noster Jesus Christus (“Our Lord Jesus Christ”)
• DN, DNS, DNUS
  - Dominus (“Lord”)
• Dr.
  — Doctor (Breviary)
• House.
  — Dominica (“Sunday”)
• HOME
  – Deo Optimo Maximo (“To God, the best and greatest”)
• Doxol
  . — Doxologia (“Doxology” - Breviary)
• DR
  - Decanus Ruralis ("Rural Dean")
• DS
  - Deus ("God")
• D.Se.
  — Doctor Scientiarum (“Doctor of Science”)
• DV
  – Deo Volente (“God Willing”)
• Dupl.
  — Duplex (“Double Feast” — Breviary)
• Dupl.
  Major - Duplex Major (“Double Major Feast”)
• Dupl.
  I. Cl. — Duplex Primae Classis (“Double First Class Holiday” - Breviary)
• Dupl.
  II. Cl. - Duplex Secundae Classis ("Double Feast of the Second Class" - Breviary)
• Eccl.
  — Ecclesiasticus (“Spiritual”)
• E., Eccl.
  — Ekklesia (“Church”)
• Email
  - Electio, Electus (“Elections”, “Elect”)
• Emu
  - Eminentissimus ("Most Eminent")
• EPS, EP., Episc.
  — Bishop (“Bishop”)
• Et.
  — Etiam (“Also, even”)
• Evang.
  - Evangelium ("Gospel" - Breviary)
• Former.
  — Extra (“Outside”)
• EXE.
  - Excommunicatus, Excommunicatio (“Excommunicated, excommunicated”)
• Fel.
  Mem. — Felicis Memoriae (“Happy Memory”)
• Fel.
  Rec. — Felicis Recordationis (“Happy Memory”)
• Fer.
  — Feria (“Weekday”)
• Fr., F.
  - Frater, Frere (“Brother”)
• Fund.
  — Fundatio (“Fund”)
• General
  – Generalis (“General”)
• Gl.
  — Gloria (“Thank God”, etc.)
• Gr.
  — Gratia (“Grace”)
• Hail.
  — Degree (“Rating”)
• Grat.
  - Gratias (“Thank you”); or Gratis (“No Cost”)
• hebd.
  — Hebdomada (“The Week”)
• Hom.
  — Homilia (“Sermon” — Breviary)
• chorus
  - hora ("hour")
• IC
  - Jesus (first and third letters of his name in Greek)
• Identifier.
  — Idus (“Ides”)
• Games
  — Igitur (“Therefore”)
• IHS
  - Jesus (incorrect Latin transliteration of the first three letters *JESUS ​​in Greek (ΙΗΣ); sometimes erroneously interpreted as
  Iesus Hominum Salvator
  "Jesus the Savior of men")
• Ind.
  — Indictio (“Indication”)
• Ind.
  — Index
• Inq.
  — Inquisitio (“Inquisition”)
• ipi
  - in partibus infidelium (“among the infidels”)
• Is.
  — Idus (“Ides”)
• JC
  - Jesus Christ ("Jesus Christ")
• JCD
  – Dr. Juris Canonici, Dr. Juris Civilis (“Doctor of Canon Law”, “Doctor of Civil Law”)
• JD
  – Juris Doctor (“Doctor of Legal Sciences”)
• JMJ
  - Jesus, Mary, Joseph (“Jesus, Mary, Joseph”)
• Joe.
  ,
  Joanne.
  — Joannes (“John”)
• JUD
  – Doctor Juris
  Utriusk
  (“Doctor of both laws” - civil and canonical)
• Jude.
  — Judicium (“Justice”)
• JULY
  – Juris Utriusque Licentiatus (“Licensee of both laws”)
• Legal
  — Juris (“Zakona”)
• Kal.
  — Kalendae (“Kalends”)
• Secular.
  — Laicus (“everyman”)
• Laud.
  — Laudes (“Lauds” - Breviary)
• LCD
  – Legis Civilis Doctor (“Doctor of Civil Law”)
• lc
  ;
  loc.
  Op. — Loco citato (“in the place already mentioned”)
• Lect.
  — Lectio (“Lesson”)
• Law.
  — Legitime, Legitimus (“Lawful”, “lawful”)
• LHD
  - Litterarum Humaniorum Doctor (“Doctor of Literature”)
• Lib.
  ,
  Lo.
  — Liber, Libro (“Book”, “In the book”)
• Lic.
  — Licentia, Licentiatus (“License”, “Licensee”)
• Litt.
  — Littera (“Letter”)
• LL.B.
  — Legum Baccalaureus (“Bachelor of Law”)
• LL.D.
  — Dr. Legum (“Doctor of Laws”)
• LL.M.
  — Legum Magister (“Master of Law”)
• Loc.
  — Locus (“Place”)
• Lov.
  — Lovanium (“Louvain”)
• Lovan.
  — Lovanienses (Theologians of Louvain)
• LS
  - Loco Sigilli ("Place of Printing")
• Lud.
  — Louis
• M.
  - Maria (“Mary”)
• MA
  – Magister Artium (“Master of Arts”)
• Mag.
  — Magister (“Master”)
• Mand.
  — Mandamus (“We command”)
• Mand.
  Ap. — Mandatum Apostolicum (“Apostolic mandate”, for example, for the consecration of a bishop)
• Mart.
  ,
  MMM
  
  .
  _ — Martyr, martyrs (“Martyr”, “Martyrs” - Breviary)
• Mat.
  — Matutinum (“Matins” — Breviary)
• Mat.
  — Matrimonum (“Marriage”)
• Mgr.
  ,
  Msgr.
  , or
  Mons.
  — Monsignor (“My Lord”)
• Miss.
  — Miss (“Mass” — Breviary); Missionary ("Missionary")
• Miss.
  Apostle ,
  Massachusetts
  - Missionary Apostolik (“Missionary Apostolic”)
• mph
  ,
  m.p.
  — Metaphysics
• MR
  - Missionarius Rector (“missionary rector”)
• mtv
  - mutatur terminatio versiculi (“the ending of a small verse has been changed” - Breviary)
• Mister
  - Mother
• Native.
  DNJC - Nativitas Domini Nostri Jesu Christi ("Nativity of Our Lord Jesus Christ")
• ND
  - Nostra Domina, Notre Dame ("Our Lady")
• Nig.
  — Niger (“Black” — Breviary)
• No.
  - Nobis (“to us”, “to us”)
• Nob.
  - Nobilis, Nobiles (“Nobleman”, “Nobleman”)
• Noct.
  — Nocturnum (“Nocturne”)
• No.
  — Nonae (“No”)
• Nostr.
  - Noster, nostri (“Ours”, “ours”)
• No.
  — Notitia (“Knowledge”)
• NS
  - Notre Seigneur, Nostro Signore ("Our Lord")
• NS
  - New style
• NT
  - Novum Testamentum ("New Testament")
• Ntri.
  — Nostri (“Ours”)
• Nup.
  — Nuptiae (“Wedding”)
• Ob.
  — Obiit (“Died”)
• October
  - Octave (“Octave” - Breviary)
• Omn.
  - Omnes, Omnibus (“Everyone”, “everyone”)
• Op.
  Cit. — Opere Citato (“In the Work Cited”)
• Or.
  — Oratio (“Prayer” — Breviary)
• Ord.
  - Ordo, Ordinatio, Ordinarius (“Order”, “Ordination”, “Ordinary”)
• Or.
  Or at. — Orator (“Petitioner”), Oratorium (“Oratory”)
• OS
  - old style
• OT
  - Old Testament
• Oxon.
  - Oxonium, Oxonienses ("Oxford", "Theologians or Scholars of Oxford")
• P.
  - Pater, Pere (“Father”)
• Pa.
  - Papa (“Papa”); Pater ("Father")
• Pact.
  — Pactum (“Agreement”)
• Pasha.
  — Easter (“Easter” — Breviary)
• Patr.
  — Patriarch (“Patriarch”)
• Pent.
  — Pentecost (“Pentecost” - Breviary)
• Ph.
  B. – Philosophiae Baccalaureus (“Bachelor of Philosophy”)
• PhD.
  — Philosophiae Doctor (“Doctor of Philosophy”)
• Phil.
  — Philosophy (“Philosophy”)
• Ph.
  M. - Philosophiae Magister (“Master of Philosophy”).
• PC
  - Come Kalendas (“The Day Before the Kalends”)
• Have a drink.
  — Poenitence (“Repentance”)
• Have a drink.
  Ap. — Poenitentiaria Apostolica (“Office of the Apostolic Prison”)
• Pont.
  — Pontifex (“Pontifex”, i.e. Bishop - Breviary)
• Pont.
  — Pontificate (“Pontificate”)
• Pont.
  Maximum. — Pontifex Maximus (“Supreme Pontiff”)
• Poss.
  — Owner, Possession (“Owner”, “Possession”)
• PP.
  - Papa (“Papa”); Pontificum ("Pope")
• PP
  - Parochus ("parish priest" - used mainly in Ireland)
• PP.
  AA. — Patres Amplissimi (Cardinals)
• PPP
  - Propria Pecunia Posuit (Erected at own expense)
• PR
  – Permanens Rector (“Permanent Rector”)
• Etc.
  - pastor
• Praef.
  — Praefatio (“Preface” to the Mass — Breviary)
• Presbit.
  - presbyter, priest
• Prof.
  - Professor, Professor, Professor (“Professor”, “Profession”, “Professor”)
• Props Feed.
  — Propaganda Fide (Congregation for Propaganda, Rome)
• Propr.
  — Proprium (“Own” — Breviary)
• Prov.
  — Provisio, Provisum (“Providing”, “Provided”)
• Ps.
  — Psalm (“Psalm”)
• A pub.
  ,
  Publ.
  - Publicus, Publice (“Publicly”, “Publicly”)
• Purg.
  Maybe. — Purgatio Canonica (“Canonical Reasoning”)
• Quadrag.
  — Quadragesima (“Lent”, also “Fortieth Day” before Easter - Breviary)
• Quinquag.
  — Quinquagesima (“The fiftieth day” before Easter — Breviary)
• R.
  - Responsorium ("Responsible" - Breviary)
• R.
  - Roma (Rome)
• Rescr.
  — Rescriptum (“Rescript”)
• RD
  - Rural Dean
• Req.
  — Requiescat (“May he [or she] rest”, that is, in peace)
• Rep.
  - Responsum (“Reply”)
• RIP
  - Requiescat In Pace (“May he or she rest in peace”)
• Rit.
  — Ritus (“Rite”, “Rite”)
• ROM.
  — Romanus, Romana (“Roman”)
• RP
  - Reverend Pater, Reverend Pere ("Reverend Father")
• R.R.
  - Rerum (“About things, objects” - for example, SS. RR. Ital., Writers on Italian [historical] topics); Regesta
• Rt.
  Reverend - Right Reverend
• Rub.
  — Ruber (“Red” — Breviary)
• Rubr.
  — Rubric (“Rubric”)
• S.
  ,
  Sacr.
  — Sacrum (“Sacred”)
• Sub.
  ,
  Sabb.
  — Sabbatum (“Saturday”, Saturday)
• Saec.
  — Saeculum (Age)
• Sal.
  — Salus, Salutis (“Salvation”, “Salvation”)
• Salmant.
  — Salmanticenses (theologians of Salamanca)
• SC
  - Sacra Congregatio ("Holy Assembly")
• SCC
  - Sacra Congregatio Concilii ("Sacred Congregation of the Council", i.e. Trent)
• SCEE.RR.
  — Sacra Congregatio Episcoporum et Regularium (“Sacred Congregation of Bishops and Regular Members”)
• SCI
  - Sacra Congregatio Indicis ("Sacred Congregation of the Index")
• SCPF
  - Sacra Congregatio de Propaganda Fide ("Sacred
  Assembly
  for the Propagation of the Faith")
• SKS
  - Sanctus ("Holy")
• sd
  - sine data (“without printing date”, undated book)
• SD
  - Servus Dei (Servant of God)
• Semid.
  — Semiduplex (“Semi” double feast — Breviary)
• Septuages
  ​​-
  Septuagesima
  ("Seventieth day" before Easter; always Sunday - Breviary)
• Sexag.
  — Sexagesima (“The Sixtieth Day” before Easter - Breviary)
• Sig.
  — Sigillum (“Seal”)
• Simplify.
  — Simplex (“Simple” feast — Breviary)
• Sine Com.
  - Sine Commemoratione ("Without commemoration" of other holidays or holidays - Breviary)
• sl
  - sine loco (“without indicating the place of printing”)
• slnd
  - data sine loco nec (“without indicating the place and date of printing”)
• SM
  - Sanctae Memoriae ("Holy Memory")
• Soc.
  - Sotsius, Socii (“Comrade”, “Comrades” - Trebnik)
• S. Of.
  — Sanctuary Oficium (Congregation of the Holy Office, Inquisition)
• SP
  - Sanctissime Pater ("Holy Father")
• IP
  ,
  Peter S.
  - Sanctus Petrus (“St. Peter”)
• SP
  - Summus Pontifex ("Supreme Pontiff", Pope)
• SPA
  – Sacrum Palatium Apostolicum (“Holy Apostolic Palace”, Vatican, Quirinal)
• Senior
  - Sister
• SRC
  - Sacra Rituum Congregatio ("Sacred Assembly of Rites")
• SRE
  - Sancta Romana Ecclesia, Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae ("Holy Roman Church"; or "Holy Roman Church")
• SS.
  — Scriptores (“writers”)
• SS.DN
  - Sanctissimus Dominus Noster ("Our Most Holy Lord [Jesus Christ]", also a title of the Pope)
• SS.
  ,
  S.
  - Sanctus, Sancti (“Holy”, “Saints”)
• STB
  - Sacrae Theologiae Baccalaureus ("Bachelor of Sacred Theology")
• STD
  – Sacrae Theologiae Doctor (“Doctor of Sacred Theology”)
• STL
  - Sacrae Theologiae Licentiatus ("Licensee of Sacred Theology")
• STP
  - Sanctae Theologiae Professor (“Professor of Sacred Theology”)
• Suffr.
  — Suffragia (“Assemblies” - i.e. prayers of the saints; Breviary)
• SV
  - Sanctitas Vestra ("Your Holiness")
• Syn.
  — Synod (“Synod”)
• Pace.
  - Tempus, Tempore (“Time”, “in time”)
• Test.
  — Testimony, Testimonium (“Witnesses”, “Testimony”)
• Theol.
  — Theology (“Theology”)
• Tit.
  — Title, Titles (“Title”, “Titles”)
• TRP
  - Très Révérend Père ("Reverend Father")
• Ult.
  - Ultimo (“Last” - day, month, year)
• Usq.
  — Usque (“How much”)
• Ux.
  — Uxor (“Wife”)
• V.
  ,
  ven.
  ,
  V.V.
  — Venerabilis, Venerabiles (“Venerable”)
• V.
  ,
  Vest.
  — Vester (“Own”)
• Vac.
  - Vacat, Vacans (“Vacant”)
• Shaft.
  — Valor (“Value”)
• VAT.
  — Vatican (“Vatican”)
• Vba.
  — Verba (“Words”)
• Vers.
  - Versiculus ("Versicle" - Breviary)
• Vesp.
  — Vespers (“Vespers” — Breviary)
• V.F.
  ,
  Vic.
  For. — Vicarius Foraneus (“Vicar Foran”)
• VG
  - Vicarius Generalis ("Vicar General")
• Vic.
  — Vicar
• Vid.
  — Vidua (“Widow” — Breviary)
• Vid.
  ,
  Saw.
  — Videlicet (“Namely”)
• Vig.
  — Vigilia (“Vigil” of the holiday — Breviary)
• Viol.
  - Violaceus ("Violet" - Breviary)
• Virgo.
  — Virgo (“Virgo” — Breviary)
• Virid.
  — Viridis (“Green” — Breviary)
• VM
  - Vir Magnificus ("Great Man")
• Reverend
  - venerable
• VT
  - Vetus Testamentum
• XC.
  ,
  XCS.
  — Christus (“Christ” is the first, middle and last letters of the Greek name)

Great Martyr abbreviation. Church abbreviations. What is sorokoust and how to order it

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Archdeacon

- senior deacon in the monastic clergy.
The title of archdeacon is given as a reward. An archbishop
is originally a bishop, the head of a large ecclesiastical region that unites several dioceses.
Bishops governing dioceses were subordinate to the archbishop. Archbishops are the bishops who govern large dioceses. In the Russian Orthodox Church, the title "archbishop" is honorary and precedes the title "metropolitan". Bishop
is a clergyman (Greek senior priest, chief of priests), belonging to the third and highest degree of priesthood.
Archimandrite
is a monastic rank given as the highest award to the monastic clergy and corresponds to archpriest and protopresbyter in the white clergy. “Archimandrite” is the head of the most important monasteries or a monastic person holding church administrative positions.

B

Unmercenary

- a saint who gave away his property and lived without accepting money.
Bible Songs
- Nine biblical texts that serve as themes for the canon's songs.
Blagovest
is the ringing of bells that notifies believers of the beginning of the service - measured strikes of one large bell.
Blessed prayers
are five prayers read by believers after communion.
Contained in the prayer book and the following psalter. Blessing
– 1. The exclamation of the priest with which the service begins.
2. Making the sign of the cross over the believers, performed by the priest. Blessed
are the troparia dedicated to the Resurrection of Christ.
Blessed
- Holy Fool.
The dean
is a priest appointed by the diocesan bishop to oversee the parish life of the churches of one of the parts of the diocese - the deanery.
Theotokos
- troparion addressed to the Most Holy Theotokos.
A liturgical circle
is a certain repeating sequence of services or the prayers that comprise them.

IN

Holy Saturday

- Saturday of Holy Week.
On this day, the burial of the body of Jesus Christ is remembered. Lent
is the most important of the multi-day fasts, beginning seven weeks before Easter and ending on Saturday of Holy Week.
Magnification
- a short chant glorifying Jesus Christ, the Mother of God or k.l.
saint Crowns
are crowns placed on the bride and groom during the wedding.
Vespers
is a public service performed in the evening.
Vicar
(lat. vicar) is a bishop who does not have his own diocese and helps another bishop in the administration.
All-night vigil
is a public worship service held in the evening on holidays and Sundays.

G

Voice

- in Byzantine church singing, one of the eight diatonic modes, which has its own dominant and final tones.
In Old Russian singing, voices were transformed into sums of various diatonic voles in the volume of trichords and tetrachords. The mountain place
(gorneye - glorified high) is a place in the altar between the throne and the eastern wall. On the high place there are pulpits for bishops and priests.

D

Holy gifts

- bread and wine, consecrated and transubstantiated into the flesh and blood of Christ during the celebration of the Eucharist.
Deisis
(Greek prayer) - a composition of three icons - in the center is an icon of Jesus Christ, on the left is an icon of the Mother of God facing Him, on the right is John the Baptist.
The Deisis rank
is a multi-icon composition, in the center of which there are three icons of the Deisis, and then on both sides there are symmetrically located icons of archangels, apostles and other saints.
Part of the iconostasis. Deacon
- (Greek minister) - a clergyman belonging to the first, lowest degree of clergy.
Ordination to deacons is carried out by the bishop through ordination. Clergy
are priests. There is a distinction between white (non-monastic) and black (monastic) clergy.

E

oil

– vegetable oil used for anointing, blessing of oil and lithium.
The image of oil as a symbol of God's mercy is found frequently in Scripture. A diocese
is an ecclesiastical administrative unit (Greek region) governed by a bishop.
Dioceses are divided into deaneries consisting of several parishes. The boundaries of dioceses usually coincide with the administrative division of the country. A bishop
is a clergyman of the third, highest degree of priesthood, otherwise a bishop.
Penance
(Greek punishment) - spiritual and corrective measures imposed by a priest or bishop on a confessor. Penance may consist of fasting, intense prayer, etc.

AND

Rod

- staff.

Z

Altarpiece icon

– (1) Icon of the “Resurrection of Christ” located on the eastern wall of the altar.
(2) Icon of the Mother of God and a cross with a crucifix in the altar near the eastern wall. A hermit
is a monk who performed the feats of his salvation in complete solitude.
Ringing
- bell ringing.

AND

Abbot

(Greek leader) – the head of the monastery, has the right to carry a staff.
Priest
(Greek priest) priest.
Hierodeacon
(Greek: Deacon-monk) – deacon-monk.
Hieromonk
(Greek: Priest-monk) – priest-monk.
Icon
(Greek image, image) - an image of Jesus Christ, the Mother of God, a saint, an evangelical or church-historical event.
Ikos
(Greek house) is a stanza of a kontakion or akathist.
Monk
(from Slav. other - lonely, different) is the Russian name for a monk, a literal translation from Greek.
Enthronement
is a solemn service during which the newly elected patriarch is elevated to the patriarchal chair.
Subdeacon
is a clergyman who serves the bishop during divine services.
Confessors
are those who suffered persecution but remained alive. The name of the saint of the Orthodox Church depending on the nature of his act.

TO

Censer

- a metal vessel in which incense is burned on burning coals.
Canonization
(Greek: legitimize) – canonization.
Katseya
is an ancient type of censer in the form of a ladle with a long handle.
Cell
(Greek from Latin se11a - room) is a separate living room of a monk in a monastic building or a separate house of a monk.
Clergy
(Greek lot) - clergy and clergy.
Each temple has its own clergy. Liturgical books
- books from which the service is performed: Apostle, Gospel, Irmologion, Menaion, Octoechos, Psalter, Service Book, Breviary, Typikon, Triodion, Book of Hours and Official.
Bell ringing
- bell ringing, trezvon, chime and bustle.
Kontakion
is a genre of church Byzantine hymnography.
Kontakia are also called stanzas of the akathist. The cross
is a symbol of salvation and redemption of the human race, a sign of victory over death and hell.
The sign of the cross
is the making of a cross over oneself or someone else.
Procession of the cross
- a solemn procession around the temple of the clergy and people with icons, crosses, banners, etc.
Kukol
(lat. hood) the outer vestment of a monk of the great schema (see schemamonk) in the form of a pointed hood with two long strips of material covering the back and chest; black, with the image of crosses, seraphim and the text of the Trisagion on it.

Engraving from the magazine “Solovetsky Islands”. No. 4-5. 1930. Solovki. Circulation - 3 thousand copies.

L

Lavra

(Greek: crowded place) - name.
some of the most important and large monasteries. In the Russian Orthodox Church the laurels are: Kiev-Pecherskaya; Trinity Sergeev; Alexandro-Nevskaya; Pochaevsko-Uspenskaya. Incense
is an aromatic resin sublimated in a censer over burning coals.
Lampada
(Greek lamp) is an oil lamp lit in front of the icons, on the throne and the seven-branched candlestick.
Liturgy
(Greek: common cause) is the main public service, during which the sacrament of communion is performed. In the Orthodox Church, liturgies of three rites are celebrated: St. John Chrysostom, St. Basil the Great and the Presanctified Gifts.

M

Locally revered

- saints revered within one or more dioceses.
The name of the saint of the Orthodox Church depending on the nature of his act. The laity
is part of the church people who take part in prayer in the performance of divine services.
Miter
(Greek bandage worn on the head) is part of the liturgical vestment of bishops, archimandrites, as well as priests, who are given the right to wear a miter as a reward;
headdress of a shape close to spherical. Metropolitan
(Greek: metropolitan) - originally a bishop, the head of a metropolis - a large ecclesiastical region uniting several dioceses.
A prayer service
is a service in which believers thank or ask for something from Jesus Christ, the Mother of God or k.l.
saint Monk
(Greek: one) is a person who has dedicated himself to God through taking vows.
Taking vows is accompanied by cutting one's hair as a sign of service to God. The nuns
are all religious women who were imprisoned in the Solovetsky camp for religious reasons from 1920 to 1939.
Relics
are the remains of the bodies of saints.
The relics of some saints are preserved incorrupt. Martyrs
are saints who accepted death for their Faith (the exception is kings and princes, who in this case are called passion-bearers). The name of the saint of the Orthodox Church depending on the nature of his act.

N

Abbot of the monastery

- a clergyman (abbot or archimandrite), appointed by a bishop to manage the monastery subordinate to him.
The abbot
is the senior clergyman in terms of administrative authority in a monastery or temple.
Week
is the Old Russian name for resurrection.
New martyrs
- in order not to be confused with those who suffered in ancient times, new martyrs in Russia are those who died for Orthodoxy in the 20th century. The name of the saint of the Orthodox Church depending on the nature of his act.

ABOUT

Mass

- the common name for the liturgy.
Vestments
– robes of the clergy and monasticism.
A funeral service
is a service performed at the funeral of a believer by a priest or bishop.

P

Memorial service

(Greek all-night vigil) - a service at which the dead are commemorated.
Patriarch
- in some Orthodox churches - the title of the head of the local church.
A novice
is a person preparing to become a monk and undergoing testing in a monastery.
The staff
is a sign of the church authority of the bishop and the administrator of the monastery, the archimandrite or abbot.
tonsure
- (1) An act performed at certain religious services.
(2) Divine services performed upon acceptance of monasticism. Chalice
(Greek chalice) is a sacred vessel in the form of a cup, in which, during the Eucharistic canon, wine and water are consecrated and transformed into the blood of Christ.
The righteous
is a saint who, being a layman and living in the world, led a holy and righteous life.
Feasts
of saints' days.
Every day of the liturgical year is dedicated to the remembrance of k.l. holiday or memory of a saint. A venerable martyr
is a monk who accepted torture and death for confessing his faith in Jesus Christ.
A monk
is a saint who has reached the heights of monastic activity and is an example of monastic life.
The chapel
is an additional altar with a throne.
A parish
is the lowest church-administrative unit, containing a temple and a community of believers with clergy.
Communion
is a sacrament of the Orthodox Church.
Otherwise, communion is called the sacrament of the Eucharist. Prosphora
(Greek offering) is a liturgical liturgical bread used for the sacrament of the Eucharist and for commemoration during the proskomedia of the living and the dead.
Protodeacon
is the senior deacon in the white clergy.
Archpriest
is the senior priest in the white clergy.

R

Equal to the Apostles

- a saint who greatly contributed to the spread of Christianity in any region or country.
In Russia, the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir Sacristy
is a separate room in the temple or a place in the altar where vestments and sacred vessels are kept.
Ordination
is a divine service during which the sacrament of the priesthood is performed—ordination to the rank of clergy.
Ryasophorus
is a monk of the lowest degree of tonsure, preparing to accept the minor schema. A cassock monk is allowed to wear a cassock and kamilavka.

WITH

Saints

- holy patriarchs, metropolitans and bishops, righteous saints (priests, reverends, monastics, blessed ones - usually holy fools).
The name of the saint of the Orthodox Church depending on the nature of his act. A skete
is the cells of monks at a distance from the monastery in a more deserted place.

T

Refectory

- (Greek table, food) - a building in a monastery in which monastics gather to eat, i.e.
for a meal. The refectory is usually located in a special church. Troparion
is a genre of church hymnography. Initially it was a short chant, a musical and poetic commentary on the liturgical readings of the Old and New Testaments. The melody of the troparia obeys the voices.

U

Matins

- public worship. performed in the morning or evening. Matins can be daily, holiday and Easter.

F

Felonne

— (1) the liturgical vestments of a priest. The Russian phelonion is distinguished by the presence of a raised, rigid shoulder; (2) short or small phelonion - sleeveless clothing, with a slit for the head, covering the body to the waist. Worn only when ordained as a clergyman.

X

Chiton

- belonging to the vestments of the monks of the small and great schema - clothes made of coarse fabric, a hair shirt worn under a cassock.
A temple
is a building intended for the celebration of liturgy and public prayer, specially constructed - having a throne and consecrated by a bishop.

H

Chapel

- a small building intended for public prayer - mainly divine services of the daily liturgical circle, incl.
hours, where the name comes from. Unlike a temple, the chapel is not designed for the celebration of liturgy and therefore does not have an altar. The Book of Hours
is a liturgical book containing the texts of the unchangeable prayers of the daily liturgical cycle.
The hours
are public worship services held four times a day.

Sh

Six Psalms

– six psalms that are read at the beginning of Matins: 3, 37, 62, 87, 102, 142 ps.

E

Exarch

- (Greek ruler) - a bishop who rules a large church region - an exarchate, lying outside the country where the patriarchate is located. It includes several dioceses, the bishops and archbishops of which are subordinate to the exarch. The exarch is subordinate to the patriarch or synod. The Russian Orthodox Church has exarchates in Belarus, Europe and America.

YU

Holy Fool

- (glorified stupid, crazy) - a person who has taken upon himself the feat of depicting the external, i.e. visible madness in order to achieve inner humility.

Here they are - ordinary church notes.

In the notes submitted for commemoration at the liturgy, the names of ONLY those who are BAPTIZED in the Orthodox Church are written!

Notes must be submitted before the start of the liturgy. It is best to submit notes of remembrance in the evening or early in the morning, before the start of the service.

Notes for prayer services can be ordered before the start or in advance.

The memorial service can be ordered on the day of remembrance (without delay), or the evening before.

Names should be written in the genitive case, that is, asking yourself the question: are we praying for the health or repose of whom? Peter, Tamara, Lydia... It is incorrect to write: Tamara, Elena. Notes should be written in legible handwriting and do not make small letters. When entering names, remember them from the bottom of your heart with a sincere desire for their good, trying to think about each of those whose names you are entering. Write names not abbreviated, but in full: not Katya, but Ekaterina, not Masha, but Maria, etc.

All names must be given in church spelling

You should not use affectionate replacements for proper names: not Dunya, but Evdokia, not Lelya, but Elena, etc., as well as common variants of Christian names, for example, Egor instead of George, Stepan instead of Stefan, etc. No matter how much we love the baby, no matter how tenderly we feel for him, we must write his full Christian name in the notes: Alexander.

Feni

– Dear ones, take the trouble to decipher the name of your grandmother-great-grandmother yourself.
Whatever you call her - Dunya, or Dusya, or Lyolik - you need to write this name in its full, correct form. Not Feni, but Fekla
, and maybe
Agrafena
. Ask your relatives what your grandmother's real name was. Before entering the unconventional names of relatives and friends, let’s figure out what their Christian name is. Thus, the names Rustam and Ruslan are often found in notes. If this person is baptized, he is given a Christian name. Also, there are no names in the calendar such as Lenina, Oktyabrina, Kim, etc.

Ruslana

- There is no such name in the calendar.
Or maybe this person is not baptized at all? If a person has a non-Orthodox name, before asking to pray for him at church prayer, you need to find out what his baptismal name is. As a last resort, if we do not know the Christian name of this person, we can write next to it, in parentheses: (baptismal) This will show the priest that the person is an Orthodox Christian. Oktyabrins
- There is no such name in the calendar either, it is a Soviet name. It is necessary to indicate the person's Orthodox name in the notes.

When remembering a priest, we never write in notes: Fr. Vasily, Fr. Petra. What father

? Deacon? A priest? Archimandrite?.. We always write rank: deacon, hierodeacon, priest, archpriest, hieromonk, abbot, archimandrite, monk (or monk).

The names of saints appear very often in notes. For those who do not know: we do not pray for the repose of people who are glorified as saints. It is they, being at the Throne of God, who pray for us. Therefore, it is not worth writing in the notes the name of Father John of Kronstadt, as is often done, or the name of St. Blessed Xenia of St. Petersburg.

You can't write Blazh. Maria

- What a blessing.
Maria? The word blessed
is the official title of a saint glorified by the Church in the ranks of the blessed: Blessed Matrona, Blessed Xenia.
If some old woman is called blessed by her admirers, this is only a pious designation for her, but not a title given to her by the Church. Therefore, there is no need to write all gentle and respectful forms of address in notes. Also, you shouldn’t write Elder Love
,
Elder Nikolai
. The latter is often written in notes, referring to Archpriest Nikolai Guryanov of blessed memory from the island of Zalita, near Pskov. But in the notes you need to write: prot. Nikolai, not Elder Nikolai.

Dev. Faith

– Now we do not have such a title as
Virgin
, or
Virgo
, which was in the Ancient Church.
This was the name given to women who devoted their entire lives to serving God without creating a family. This is an ancient prototype of monasticism. But today there is no such rank and church title. And if a woman simply did not manage to get married, then this is all the more no reason to solemnly tell everyone about it. Daniel, St.
Peter - 1) There is no name Danil, there is
Daniel
. That's what you should write in your notes. 2) Write sacred. Peter, without indicating whether he is a priest or an archpriest, is not a gross mistake. The mistake is that the name of the priest is written before the names of the laity. There is no point in lumping everyone together: metropolitans, priests, and laity.

A child under seven years of age is indicated as an “infant” (for example, Young John) and in full.

A child from 7 to 14 years of age is indicated in the note as an adolescent (for boys) and a young woman (for girls). For example, neg. Helena, neg. Dimitri.

You cannot submit health notes for an unborn child.

The unborn child has not yet received Holy Baptism, and only the names of baptized Orthodox Christians are written in the notes.

also cannot submit funeral notes for deceased and unbaptized infants. It is only possible to remember with a candle and at home with prayer for unbaptized babies.

The sequence of listing the people remembered in the note:

- the names of the clergy are entered first, indicating their rank: patriarch ...., metropolitan ...., archbishop ...., bishop ...., protopresbyter ...., archimandrite ...., archpriest - abbot ...., hieromonk ...., priest ...., archdeacon ... ., protodeacon ...., hierodeacon ...., deacon ...., subdeacon ...., monk (nun) ...., novice (novice) ....; reader....; - followed by the name of your spiritual father - the priest who instructs you, takes care of the salvation of your soul, prays to the Lord for you; - then children's names are listed: baby (infant) .... – a child under 7 years of age; youth (youth)…. – a child from 7 to 14 years old; - now the names of all other adult laity are entered: first male names, and then female ones: your parents; own name; names of your family members, loved ones and relatives; the names of your benefactors; if you have any, then write down the names of your ill-wishers, offenders, envious people and enemies; - according to pious tradition, after the list of names they usually write the phrase “All Orthodox Christians,” which says that you wish the salvation of all Orthodox Christians, without exception, whose names you may have forgotten or may not know.

As an addition to the name, you can write (in a clear abbreviation): warrior; sick - (sick); traveling - (traveling); prisoner - (conclusion); pregnant (not idle) - (not idle).

Additional information you can include in notes

“On repose”:
newly deceased
- deceased within 40 days after death (usually abbreviated n/a in notes);
ever-memorable
(a deceased person who has a memorable date on this day)

usually abbreviated in notes as: - day of death, - name day - and birthday of the deceased;

warrior.

All read notes are burned in a special place.

In those families where the traditions of Orthodox piety are respected, there is a commemoration book, a special book in which the names of the living and the dead are written and which is presented during the service for remembrance. Memorial books can still be purchased in churches or Orthodox book stores. A memorial is a record for posterity about the ancestors who lived on earth, which makes the memorial a book that is important for every Christian and forces them to treat it with respect. Memorials are kept clean and tidy, near household icons. The church note, in essence, is a one-time commemoration and requires the same respect

Prayerful remembrance

Orthodox Christians know that prayer in church has an advantage over prayer at home. The Savior said: “Truly I also say to you that if two of you agree on earth about anything they ask, it will be done for them by My Father in heaven, for where two or three are gathered in My name, there I am in the midst.” them" (Matthew 18:19-20). Believers gather in the temple for joint prayer. God Himself mysteriously dwells in the temple. Church prayer has a special power of grace also because it is offered by a priest specially appointed to offer prayers and sacrifices to God for people.

The most common way of asking for God's grace for one's family and friends is through prayerful remembrance. In the old days, pious Orthodox families had a commemoration book - a special book in which the names of living and deceased relatives were recorded. This book was passed down from generation to generation and was kept in the holy corner of the house - by the goddess. Names were remembered using it during home prayer, and it was served for commemoration during services in the temple.

In our time, memorial books, unfortunately, have almost gone out of use; they have been replaced by church notes. A church note, in essence, is a one-time commemoration and requires the same respect.

How is commemoration done using notes?

The priest begins to do this during the proskomedia. Proskomedia is the initial part of the liturgy, during which bread and wine are prepared for the Sacrament of Communion. Proskomedia, symbolizing the birth of Jesus Christ, is performed in the altar secretly for the believers in the church - just as the birth of the Savior took place secretly, unknown to the world.

For the proskomedia, five special prosphoras are used: “lamb” (served actually for communion), “Virgin Mary”, “ninefold” (in honor of the saints), “about the living” (about the Patriarch, bishops, presbyters and deacons) and “about the departed” ( Patriarchs, creators of churches, bishops, priests).

From each of these prosphoras, particles are taken out and placed on the paten - a round dish on a stand, symbolizing the manger in which the Savior was born.

Then the priest removes the particles from the prosphora served by the believers. At this time, remembrances are read - notes, memorial books, which we submitted to the proskomedia in the candle box (a place at the entrance to the temple intended for the sale of candles and for the registration of requirements). After reading each name indicated in the note, the clergyman takes out a piece of prosphora, saying: “Remember, Lord (the name we wrote is indicated).” These particles, taken out according to our notes, are also placed on the paten along with the particles taken from the liturgical prosphoras.

This is the first commemoration of those whose names are written in the notes we submitted, invisible to those praying.

So, the particles taken out according to our notes lie on the paten, next to the particles taken from special liturgical prosphoras. This is a great, holy place! The particles lying in this order on the paten symbolize the entire Church of Christ.

The particles taken from the prosphoras we serve are not consecrated into the body of the Lord, they are not given to believers in the Sacrament of Communion. Why are they brought? So that through them the believers, whose names are written in our notes, receive grace, sanctification and remission of sins from the cleansing sacrifice offered on the throne.

A particle taken from our prosphora, reclining near the most pure Body of the Lord, is filled with shrines and spiritual gifts and sends them down to the one in whose name it ascends. At the end of the liturgy, after all the communicants have partaken of the Holy Mysteries, these particles are immersed in the Chalice with the Body and Blood of Christ; at the same time, the priest pronounces the following words: “Wash away (wash), Lord, the sins here (here) of those remembered by Your Honest Blood.” This is done so that the saints, in their closest union with God, will rejoice in heaven, and the living and the dead, whose names are indicated in the notes, having been washed by the Most Pure Blood of Christ, receive remission of sins and eternal life. Thus, special God's grace is given to the souls of those who are remembered for health and repose.

Registered note

In some churches, in addition to ordinary notes about health and repose, they accept custom notes. A customized mass for health with a prayer differs from a regular commemoration for health in that, in addition to removing a particle from the prosphora (which happens during a regular commemoration), the deacon publicly reads the names of those commemorated at the litany.

The extended (that is, intensified) litany begins at the end of the reading of the Gospel. In two petitions, we strenuously ask the Lord to hear our prayer and have mercy on us: “Lord, Almighty, God of our fathers, pray (that is, pray to You), hear and have mercy. “Have mercy on us, O God...” All those in the church ask for the Patriarch, for the bishop, for the priestly brotherhood (a church parable) and for all “our brethren in Christ,” for the authorities and the army...

During the litany, the deacon pronounces the names of those indicated in the registered note and invokes God’s blessing on them, and the priest reads prayers. The priest then says a prayer before the throne, loudly calling out the names from the notes. But even this is not the end of the commemoration according to the ordered note - after the end of the liturgy, a prayer is offered for them at a prayer service.

The same thing happens at a custom-made mass of repose with a memorial service - and here, after removing the particles with the names of the deceased, the deacon publicly pronounces their names at the litany, then the names are repeated in front of the altar by the clergyman, and then the deceased are remembered at the memorial service, which takes place after the end of the liturgy .

The custom of reading notes with names during a special litany dates back to apostolic times. Then they used diptychs - two tablets made of paper or parchment, folded like the tablets of Moses. On one of them the names of the living were written for reading during the sacred rite, on the other - the names of the deceased.

“At the litany, the newly deceased or significant builders of the monastery are commemorated more, and then no more than one or two names. But proskomedia is the most important commemoration, for the parts taken out for the departed are immersed in the blood of Christ and sins are cleansed by this great sacrifice; and when there is a memory of one of your relatives, you can submit a note and remember it at the litany,” wrote the Monk Macarius of Optina.

Commemoration at the Divine Liturgy (Church Note)

Health is commemorated for those who have Christian names, and repose is remembered only for those baptized in the Orthodox Church.

Notes can be submitted at the liturgy:

For proskomedia - the first part of the liturgy, when for each name indicated in the note, particles are taken out of special prosphoras, which are subsequently dipped into the Blood of Christ with a prayer for the forgiveness of sins

Sorokoust is a prayer service that is performed by the Church daily for forty days. Every day during this period, particles are removed from the prosphora. “Forty-mouths,” writes St. Simeon of Thessalonica, “are performed in remembrance of the Ascension of the Lord, which occurred on the fortieth day after the resurrection, and with the purpose that he (the deceased), having risen from the grave, ascended to meet the Judge, was caught up on the clouds, and so I was always with the Lord.”

However, magpies are ordered not only for repose, but also for health, especially for seriously ill people.

Let's imagine that someone bought an expensive, very high-quality Swiss watch. And suddenly a thought occurs to him: “Let me open them up, take out a couple of parts and see: will they work or not?” If he does this, the watch will most likely stop working.

Orthodox worship is much more precise and subtle than a Swiss watch.

It was created either directly by God (for example, the Eucharist) or by the Fathers of the Church under the gracious guidance of the Holy Spirit. All its elements combine harmoniously and naturally, helping us to follow the path of salvation. Can we arbitrarily and especially through laziness or negligence break this Divine harmony?

Second example. The life of Blessed Andrei the Foolish One describes a vision of grace that prompted the confessor to embark on the path of the feat of foolishness for Christ for the sake of...

It was a kind of lists (from the Church Slavonic language - “contest”, “competition”, “place for racing or gymnastic exercises”), on which saints and angels fought with demons. That is, we see that spiritual life is a struggle, a war with God’s help with one’s passions, sins, and demons. In this sense, it seems to me that it can be compared to sports.

Can you imagine that a candidate for world champion, for example, in high jump, will stop hard training and say: “Okay, I’ll probably train for thirty to forty minutes a day, that’s enough.”

Will he be able to win the gold medal? Of course not.

The same is true in spiritual life. Here, too, you need to “train” your spiritual “muscle” - your heart, your soul and body, among other things, in order to acquire the saving skill of prayer. Let us remember the Gospel verse where the Savior speaks about demons: “This generation is driven out only by prayer and fasting” (Matthew 17:21). And in this sense, Orthodox worship is a battle.

So can we cut back on our saving spiritual “training”? And who will benefit from such a reduction? Hardly for us. Rather, to our invisible enemies.

Moreover, church worship is a reflection of the heavenly angelic worship at the Throne of God, where saints and angels are in continuous praise of the Lord. And we on earth (of course, very carefully and gradually, under the necessary spiritual guidance!) must acquire the skill of continuous prayer, or at least approach it. But will we get closer to it if we begin to reduce service? Probably not.

In addition, it seems to me that there is some self-will and self-indulgence in this, and the Church, as we know, is based on obedience.

Of course, there are different cases in life. And priestly life is full of them.

Example. Twelfth holiday. The priest served the Divine Liturgy and hurries to the next village for a prayer service. It's already late. People come up to him and say that they are in trouble (the court, for example), someone has been taken to the hospital or is leaving urgently. And the priest knows that they need to serve a prayer service, they need to call upon the grace of God on these people in need of the Lord’s protection. But he no longer has time. There are people waiting for him there too. And they may also not wait and disperse. What to do? He shortens the prayer service to the priestly exclamation “Heavenly King,” a litany and prayer with petitions for someone who is sick or traveling or in some other need. Then follows the release and blessing of these people who turned to him. And he is already “flying” to continue serving.

I repeat, cases are different.

But it’s one thing if you do it out of necessity, another thing if you do it out of laziness and carelessness.

The famous liturgist, professor at the Kyiv Theological Academy, Mikhail Skaballanovich, wrote that the Typikon is not only a normative Charter, but also an ideal to which the actual worship of an Orthodox church should strive.

From my own experience, I would like to say that parishes where statutory services are omitted or reduced, somehow wither and become impoverished. Where parishioners, led by a priest, try to strive for this ideal - the Typikon - in their worship, there is an upsurge and prosperity. An example of this is monasteries. In Rus' they have always been not only models of spiritual life, but also of economic management. Why? Everyday worship takes place there, calling on God's grace. And the Lord looks upon the faithfulness of his own.

Because the Lord does not live in man-made temples. And He does not need a stone, but our heart, directed towards Him. And such aspiration of the soul is the statutory Orthodox service and deepening into prayer during it.

Abbreviations in catacomb inscriptions[edit]

• AD
  - Ante Diem (for example, in the phrase "Ante Diem VI [or Sextum] Kal. Apriles" is equivalent to the sixth day before the April calendars, counting both the calends and the day to be specified); or Anima Dulcis ("Sweet Soul")
• AQIC
  - Anima Quiescat In Christo (“May his [or her] soul rest in Christ”)
• B.
  ,
  BMT.
  — Bene Merenti (“To the Worthy”)
• BM
  - Bonae Memoriae ("Happy Memory")
• BF
  – Bonae Feminae (“To a good woman”)
• BIC
  - Bibas In Christo (“May you live in Christ”)
• BMF
  - Bene Merenti Fecit ("He raised it to the Worthy")
• BQ
  - Bene Quiescat ("May he [or she] have a good rest")
• C.
  - Consul
• CC.
  — Consules (“Consuls”)
• CF
  - Clarissima Femina ("Most Distinguished Woman")
• Cl.
  V. — Clarissimus Vere (“The most distinguished man”)
• CO
  - Conjugi Optimo ("To my excellent husband")
• COBQ
  - Cum Omnibus Bonis Quiescat ("May he [or she] rest in peace with all good souls")
• COI.
  — Conjugi (“To my husband [or wife]”)
• CS.
  ,
  C.O.S.
  — Consul
• COSS.
  — Consules (“Consuls”)
• CP
  - Clarissima Puella ("The Most Illustrious Maiden")
• D.
  - Depositus (“Buried”); or Dulsis ("Dear")
• DD
  - Dedit, Dedikavit (“Daril”, “Dedicated”)
• DEP.
  — Depositus (“Deceased”)
• DIP
  – Dormit In Pace (“Sleeps peacefully”)
• DM
  – Diis Manibus (“To the manes [of]”)
• DMS
  - Diis Manibus Sacrum ("Sacred to the Manes [of]")
• DN
  - Domino Nostro ("To Our Lord")
• D.D.
  NN. — Dominis Nostris (“To Our Lords”)
• EV
  - Ex Voto ("Fulfilling the Oath")
• FORMER.
  TM. — Ex Testamento (“In accordance with the Testament”)
• E VIV.
  DISK. — E Vivis Discessit (“Departed from Life”)
• F.
  - Fecit (“Did”); or Filius ("Son"); or Feliciter ("Happily")
• FC
  - Fieri Curavit ("The Reason is in Creation")
• FF
  - Fieri Fecit ("Cause of Production")
• FF.
  — Fratres (“Brothers”); Philii ("Sons")
• FS.
  — Fossor (“Digger”)
• H.
  - Haeres (“Heir”); Hic ("Here")
• HLS
  - Hoc Loco Situs ("Place [or put] in this place")
• HMFF
  - Hoc Monumentum Fieri Fecit ("
  The reason for the creation
  of this monument")
• HS
  – Hic Situs (“Laid here”)
• I WOULD.
  — Idibus (“By the Ides”)
• IDNE.
  — Indictione (“In the Indiction” is a chronological term)
• ILH
  - Jus Liberorum Habens ("Having the right of children" - i.e. the right to public office of minors)
• INB.
  — In Bono (“In a good [smell]”)
• IND.
  - Same as IDNE
• INP
  - In Pace
• IX
  – In Christo (“In Christ”)
• K.
  - Kalendas (“Kalends”); or Care, Carus, Kara (“Dear”); or Carissimus [a] ("The Dearest")
• KBY
  - Karissimo Bene Merenti ("To the most dear and well-deserving")
• L.
  - Locus (“Place”)
• LM
  – Locus Monumenti (“Locus Monument”)
• LS
  - Locus Sepulchri ("Place of the Coffin")
• M.
  - Martyr, or Memoria (“Memory”) or Monumentum (“Monument”).
• MM.
  — Martyrs (“Martyrs”)
• MP
  - Monumentum Posuit ("Monument erected")
• MRT.
  — Merenti (“To the Worthy”)
• N.
  - Nonas (“No”); or Numero ("Number")
• NN.
  - Nostris (“Ours” - plural) or Numeri (“Numbers”)
• O.
  - Hora (“Hour”); Obiit ("Died")
• O.B.
  In XTO. — Obiit in Christo (“Died in Christ”)
• OMS.
  — Omnes (“Everyone”)
• OP.
  — Optimus (Excellent or Extremely Good)
• P.
  - Pax (“Peace”); or Pius ("Obedient"); or Ponendum (“For posting”); or Come (“On the Eve”); or Plus (“More”)
• PC
  - Pony Kuravit (“Reason for placement”)
• PC
  ,
  P. Cons.
  — Post Consulatum (“After the consulate”)
• IP
  - Pony Jussit (“Ordered to be placed”)
• PM
  - Plus Minus (“More or less”); or Piae Memoriae ("Pious Memory"); or Post Mortem ("After death")
• PP.
  — Praepositus (“Placed on top”)
• PR.K.
  — Come Kalendas (“The Day Before the Calendar”)
• PRB.
  — Presbyter (“Priest”)
• PR.N.
  — Come Nonas (“The Day Before Nobody”)
• PTCS
  – Pax Tibi Cum Sanctis (“Peace be with the saints”)
• PZ.
  — Pie Zeses (“Live piously” - Greek)
• Q.
  Qui
  .
  — Quiescit (“He is resting”)
• QBAN.
  — Kui Bixit [for Vixit] Annos (“Who Lived ... Years”)
• QIP
  - Quiescat In Pace (“May he [or she] rest in peace”)
• QV
  – Qui Vixit (“Who Survived”)
• R.
  - Requiescit (“He is resting”); or Refrigerio ("At [a place of] refreshments")
• Reg.
  — Regionis (“Regions”)
• S.
  - Suus ("His"), or Situs ("Placed"), or Sepulchrum ("Tomb")
• S.C.
  M. - Sanctae Memoriae (“Holy Memory”)
• SD.
  — Sedit (“Sat”)
• SSA.
  — Subscripta (“Subscription”)
• SID
  - Spiritus In Deo ("The Spirit [rests] in God")
• SP
  - Sepultus ("Buried") or Sepulchrum ("Tomb")
• SS.
  — Sanctorum (Saints)
• SV
  - Sacra Virgo ("Holy Virgin")
• T.
  ,
  TT.
  — Title, Titles (“Title”, “Titles”)
• TM.
  — Testamentum (“Testament”)
• V.
  - Vixit (“He lived”) or Vixisti (“You lived”)
• VB.
  — Vir Bonus (“Good Man”)
• VC
  - Vir Clarissimus ("The Most Eminent Man")
• V.V.
  CC. — Viri Clarissimi (“The Most Outstanding People”)
• VH
  - Vir Honestus ("Worthy Man")
• VX
  - Vivas, Care (or Cara) ("Long live you, dear") or Uxor Carissima ("Dearest wife")
• X.
  ,
  XPC.
  ,
  XS.
  — Christos (“Christ”)

BASIC ABBREVIATIONS

• auto - author
• acad. — academician
• AN - Academy of Sciences
• app., app. - apostle, apostles
• arch. - architect
• archbishop — archbishop
• archim. — archimandrite
• AH - Academy of Arts
• B. - big
• bass - pool
• bessr. - unmercenary
• b-ka - library
• blgv. - faithful
• blzh. - blessed
• ex. - former
• V., east - east, eastern
• century, century - century, centuries
• in the main - mostly
• including - including
• vdhr. - reservoir
• led - great
• top. - upper
• VMC. - great martyr
• Vmch. - great martyr
• ox - parish
• city ​​- city
• Gal. — Epistle to the Galatians
• State Historical Museum - State Historical Museum
• Ch. arr. - mainly
• state - state
• lips - province
• D. East - Far East
• d. - village
• Acts — Acts of the Holy Apostles
• diak. — deacon
• dl. - length
• other - other
• Heb. — Epistle to the Hebrews
• Ep. - bishop
• Eph. — Epistle to the Ephesians
• and. - magazine
• railway - railway
• 3., zap. - West, western
• Western-Heb. - Western European
• Jacob — Epistle of James
• abbot. — hegumen
• ed. - edition, publisher
• them. - name
• imp. - emperor
• In. — Gospel of John
• 1, 2, 3 In. — 1st, 2nd, 3rd John
• foreign - foreign
• Spanish - confessor
• k. - end
• sq. - square
• book - prince
• 1 Cor., 2 Cor. — 1st and 2nd Corinthians
• L. - Leningrad
• lat.—latin
• a lion. - left
• lit. - literary
• OK. — Gospel of Luke
• M. - Moscow, small
• m. - sea
• Metropolitan — metropolitan
• Mk. — Gospel of Mark
• ml. - Jr
• pl. - many
• mon. - monastery
• Moscow — Moscow
• music - musical
• Mf. — Gospel of Matthew
• mts., mts. - martyr, martyrs
• mch., mchch. - martyr, martyrs
• n. - Start
• N. Novgorod — Nizhny Novgorod
• n. e. - ad
• name - Name
• max. - most
• name - least
• eg - For example
• us. - population
• present - real
• national - National
• unknown - unknown
• several - some
• oh, islands - island, islands
• region - region
• same name - eponymous
• lake - lake
• OK. - near
• basic - founded, main
• father - domestic
• Patr. — patriarch
• Pg. — Petrograd
• 1 Pet., 2 Pet. — 1st and 2nd Peter
• ped. - pedagogical
• Petersburg - St. Petersburg
• pl. - square
• peninsula - peninsula
• under hand - under the direction of
• floor. - half
• dedicated - dedicated
• last - last
• right - righteous, right
• adj. - application
• approx. — note
• Proverbs — Proverbs of Solomon
• prmts., prmts. - venerable martyr, venerable martyr
• prmch., prmch. - venerable martyr, venerable martyrs
• prophet - prophet
• prp., prp. - Reverend, Reverends
• pseudo. - pseudonym
• R. - river
• diff. - various
• RAS - Russian Academy of Sciences
• ed. — editor
• Rome. — Letters to the Romans
• district - district
• R. X. - Nativity of Christ
• S., north. - north, northern
• With. - village
• Sat. - collection
• St. - holy, from above
• priest - sacred
• ser. - middle
• Sib. - Siberian
• sk. - died
• glory - Slavic
• track. - next
• see - look
• collection - meeting
• joint - joint
• modern - modern
• 1st, 2nd Sol. — 1st and 2nd messages to Thessalonians
• Op. - essays
• SPb. - Saint Petersburg
• specialist. - special
• Middle-century - medieval
• Art. - old, elder
• Art. Art. - old style
• agricultural - agricultural
• t-vo - partnership
• i.e. - that is
• because - since
• so-called - so-called
• That. - Thus
• thousand - thousand
• u. - county
• univ - university
• fam. - surname
• f-ka - factory
• Phil. — Epistle to the Philippians
• household - economic
• x-vo - farming
• thin - artist, artistic
• c. - church
• h. - part
• people - Human
• Thursday - quarter
• w. - width
• Yu., south. - south, southern
• language -language

In adjectives and participles, it is allowed to cut off endings and suffixes: -al, -elny, -en, -eskiy, etc.

Abbreviations of titles of major religious orders and congregations of priests[edit]

• AA
  - Augustiniani Assumptis (Assumptionists)
• ABA
  – Antoniani Benedictini Armeni (Mekhitarists)
• CJM
  - Congregatio Jesu et Mariae (Eudist Fathers)
• CM
  —Congregatio Missionis (Lazarists)
• CM
  - Congregatio Mariae (Fathers of the Company of Mary)
• CP
  - Congregatio Passionis (Passionists)
• C.P.S.
  — Congregatio Pretiosissimi Sanguinis (Fathers of the Most Precious Blood)
• CR
  - Congregatio Resurrectionis (Resurrection Fathers)
• CRCS
  -
  Clerici
  Regulares Congregationis Somaschae (Fathers of Somaschae)
• CRIC
  - Canonici Regulares Immaculatae Conceptionis ("Regular Canons of the Immaculate Conception")
• CRL
  - Canonici Regulares Lateranenses ("Regular Canons of the Lateran")
• CRM
  - Clerici Regulares Minores (“Regular Minor Clerks”, Mariani)
• CRMD
  -
  Clerici
  Regulares Matris Dei ("Regular
  Servants
  of the Virgin Mary")
• CRMI
  - Clerici Regulares Ministrantes Infirmis ("Clerks Regular Attendant on Sick Leave", Camillini, Camilliani)
• CRP
  - Congregatio Reformatorum Praemonstratensium (Premonstratensian)
• CRSP
  -
  Clerici
  Regulares Sancti Pauli (Barnabites)
• CRSP
  -
  Clerici
  Regulares Pauperum Matris Dei Scholarum Piarum ("Regular Clerks of the Poor of Our Lady for Pious Schools", Piarists)
• CRT
  - Clerici Regulares Theatini (Theatines)
• CSB
  - Congregatio Sancti Basilii (Basilians)
• CSC
  - Congregatio A Sancta Cruce (Congregation of the Holy Cross)
• CSP
  - Congregatio Sancti Pauli (Paulists)
• CS Sp.
  — Congregatio Sancti Spiritus (Fathers of the Holy Spirit, Spiritists)
• CSV
  - Clerici Sancti Viatoris (clerks or clerics of Saint Viator)
• C.SS.CC.
  — Congregatio Sacratissimorum Cordium (Missionaries of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary)
• C.SS.
  R. - Congregatio Sanctissimi Redemptoris (Redemptorists)
• Inst.
  Char. — Institutum C (h) aritatis (Rosminians)
• LC
  - Legio Christi (Legionaries of Christ)
• MC
  - Missionaries of Charity
• MS
  - Missionaries of La Salette (France)
• MSC
  - Missionarii Sancti Caroli ("Missionaries of St. Charles")
• MSC
  - Missionarii Sacratissimi Cordis ("Missionaries of the Sacred Heart")
• OC
  - ​​Ordo C(h)aritatis (Fathers of the Order of Mercy)
• O. Kamald.
  — Ordo Camaldulensium (Camaldolesian)
• O. Trolley.
  — Ordo Cartusiensis (Carthusians)
• O. Cyst.
  — Ordo Cisterciensium (Cistercians)
• OCC
  - Ordo Carmelitarum Calceatorum (Carmelites)
• OCD
  - Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatorum (Sandals, Barefoot Carmelites)
• OCR
  - Ordo Reformatorum Cisterciensium (Cistercians, Trappists)
• OFM
  - Ordo Fratrum Minorum (Observant Franciscans)
• OFM Rec.
  — The Order of Friars Minor remembers
• OM
  - Ordo [Fratrum] Minimorum (Minimum of Saint Francis Paola)
• O. Merced.
  — Ordo Beatae Mariae Virginis de Redemptione Captivorum (Mercedarians, Nolaschi)
• OMC
  - Ordo Minorum Conventualium (Conventual Franciscans)
• OM Cap.
  ,
  OFM Cap.
  ,
  OMC
  - Ordo Minorum Cappucinorum (Capuchins)
• OMI
  - Oblati Mariae Immaculatae (Oflattened Fathers of Immaculate Mary)
• O.P.
  ,
  Ord.
  Fratr. Praed. — Ordo Praedicatorum (Dominicans)
• Ord.
  Praem. — Ordo Praemonstratensium (Premonstratensians, Norbertines)
• OSA
  - Ordo [Eremitarum] Sancti Augustini (Augustinians)
• OSB
  - Ordo Sancti Benedicti (Benedictines)
• OSC
  - Oblati Sancti Caroli (Fathers of St. Charles)
• OSFC
  - Ordinis Sancti Francisci Capuccini (Franciscan Capuchins)
• OSFS
  - Oblati Sancti Francisci of Salesia (Obligatory Fathers of Saint Francis from the Sales Department)
• OSH
  - Ordo [Eremitarum] Sancti Hieronymi (Hieronymites)
• OSM
  - Ordo Servorum Mariae (Servites)
• OSPPE
  - Ordo Sancti Pauli Primi Eremitae (Fathers of Pauline)
• O.S.C.
  — Oblati Sacratissimi Cordis (Oflattened Fathers of the Sacred Heart)
• O. Trinit.
  — Ordo Sanctissimae Trinitatis (Trinitarians)
• PO
  - Pretres de l'Oratoire, Presbyteri Oratorii (Oratorian)
• PSM
  - Pia Societas Missionum (Fathers of the Pious Society of Missions, Pallottini)
• PSS
  - Presbyteri Sancti Sulpicii, Pretres de S. Sulpice (Sulpicians)
• SC
  - Salesianorum Congregatio (Congregation of St. Francis de Sales - Salesian Fathers)
• SDS
  - Societas Divini Salvatoris (Society of the Divine Savior)
• SVD
  - Societas Verbi Divini (Missionaries of the Divine Word - Steyler, Verbites missionaries)
• SJ
  - Societas Jesu (Society of Jesus - Jesuits)
• SM
  - Societas Mariae (Marists)
• SPM
  - Societas Patrum Misericordiae (Fathers of Mercy)
• SJC
  - Canonici Regulares Sancti Joannis Cantii (Canons Regular of St. John Cantius)
• SSC
  - Columban Fathers (Missionary Society of St. Columban)
• SSS
  - Societas Sanctissimi Sacramenti (Congregation of the Holy Sacrament)
• STS
  - Societas Trinitatis Sanctae (Society of the Holy Trinity)