There is an opinion in the world community that it is impossible to imagine a Russian person without swearing. People from almost all social strata use foul language in our country. Often, swear words can be heard from TV screens, on the radio, and even in kindergarten from a very young child. Most of us treat profanity quite normally, considering it just a means of expressing our emotions. However, in fact, foul language carries a serious destructive force, which, according to scientists, can lead to the degeneration of an entire nation. Moreover, this process is quite difficult to stop, because it proceeds unnoticed, covering an ever-increasing circle of the Russian-speaking population of the planet. Today we will try to explain to readers why you should not swear under any life circumstances.
What is a mat?
Before you try to understand why you can’t swear in principle, you need to find out what falls under the “swearing” category. If you carefully read the definition of this word in different dictionaries, it becomes clear that swearing is one of the coarsest and most ancient forms of profanity in Rus' and related languages.
Based on this definition, we can conclude that swear words were actively used by our ancestors. Most likely, you are now thinking that since your great-grandfathers and great-great-grandfathers sometimes allowed themselves to swear with strong words, then there is nothing wrong with it. But don't rush to conclusions. Perhaps in ancient times everything was not so simple with profanity.
Content
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2Basic lexical units 2.1 Obscene triad
The history of the mat
Many people are so accustomed to swearing in their everyday speech that they don’t even think about why they shouldn’t swear and where these strange words came into our culture. However, scientists have been interested in profanity for a very long time, and they have been studying this issue for decades.
Initially, there was a widespread belief that mating came to the Slavs from the Mongols and Turkic tribes. But a more thorough analysis of these languages showed that there was nothing like swearing in them. Therefore, it is worth looking for the roots of foul language in more ancient times.
Ethnopsychologists were very surprised by the similarity of Russian swearing to the spells of the ancient Sumerians. Many words were almost identical, which led scientists to think about the sacred meaning of profanity. And, as it turned out, they were on the right track. After much research, it was discovered that swearing is nothing more than an appeal to pagan spirits, demons and demons. It was widely used in pagan cults and rituals, but even then only special people who used their power to achieve certain goals could use foul language. Still don't understand why you can't swear? Then you should read the article to the end.
Many words that we use today several hundred times a day are the names of ancient demons, while others are a terrible curse sent in ancient times only on the heads of enemies. That is, using swear words every day, we consciously turn to the dark forces and call on them for help. And they are always happy to provide it, and then present a bill for payment, which may be unaffordable for many.
It is noteworthy that even our ancestors were clearly aware of the harm of swear words. They didn't need to explain why they shouldn't swear in public places. An ordinary person could use profanity no more than ten times a year and only in the most exceptional cases. At the same time, everyone understood that retribution for this weakness would be inevitable.
Of course, to many our explanation will seem like a fairy tale. After all, modern man believes only in facts and figures. But well, we are ready to consider this issue from a scientific point of view.
See also[edit | edit wiki text]
- Argo
- Obscene vocabulary in birch bark documents
- Vulgarism
- Latin obscenity
- Russian obscenities
- Slang
- ***
- Russian mat (foul language, swearing, swearing, obsolete barking swearing [1]) - in Russian and related languages - swear words and expressions, the use of which is not allowed by public morality, intended primarily to insult the addressee or negative assessments of people and phenomena [2]. Obscene statements are considered to be statements that include words formed from obscene roots (the list of such roots is determined by surveys of native speakers and traditionally contains from four to seven well-known roots).
Scientific experiments with profanity
Back in Soviet times, scientists became interested in how words affect living organisms. Since childhood, we have known a lot of folk proverbs and sayings on this subject. For example, “a kind word is pleasant for a cat” or “a word is not hard, but people die from it.” This should teach us to be careful about what comes out of our mouths. However, most people take their speech extremely frivolously. And, according to scientists, it is in vain.
Research institutes in our country have been testing the hypothesis for several years about how strongly a word can affect the psychophysical state of a living organism. The experiments were carried out on seeds intended for planting. Three experimental groups were created. The first was exposed to the most selective swearing for several hours a day, the second “listened” to the usual swearing, and the third was told only words of gratitude and prayers. To the surprise of scientists, the seeds on which the mat fell showed a germination rate of only forty-nine percent. In the second group, the numbers were higher - fifty-three percent. But the seeds from the third group sprouted by ninety-six percent!
It is not for nothing that our ancestors knew that in no case should one approach cooking food and planting crops with foul language. In this case, you should not even expect a good result. But how exactly does swearing work? This process was revealed to the fullest by the Russian geneticist Pyotr Goryaev.
Basic lexical units[edit | edit wiki text]
Main article: Obscene vocabulary in Russian
Mat is usually defined in terms of lexical composition. Thus, swearing researcher Yu. I. Levin[7] defines swearing (“obscene expressions”) as “relatively complete” speech segments containing at least one obscene root. According to Levin, roots can be specified by a list, the core of which consists of “three well-known swearing roots,” but the boundaries of the list are blurred. The exact criteria for inclusion in the list are impossible to determine, since ultimately swearing is something that is defined as such by native speakers and some disagreement is inevitable; for example, the word “gondon” (condom) is perceived as obscene by some native speakers, but not by others[8].
A typical list of swear words consists of 4-7 elements. Russian swear words are of Slavic origin, borrowed from vernacular, dialects and jargons, and are associated with the sexual sphere of life[2].
Obscene triad[edit | edit wiki text]
The basis of Russian obscene vocabulary is the “obscene triad”, popular in many languages: the male genital organ (“dick”) - the female genital organ (“pussy”) - a verb describing copulation (“fuck”)[9]. The modern Russian language is characterized by the absence of neutral literary synonyms for the words of the triad; the closest equivalents have a purely medical meaning (and often Latin etymology)[2].
Other obscene roots[edit | edit wiki text]
A. Yu. Plutser-Sarno cites 35 roots that survey participants considered obscene (the list includes “eat” and “vomit”; Plutser-Sarno adds that survey participants considered “and some other” roots as obscene) and notes that more often In total, seven lexemes are considered obscene: in addition to the triad, these are “whore” (fallen woman), “mude” (testicles), “manda” (female genitalia), “elda” (male genitalia). It is these seven words that Plutser-Sarno proposes to take in “working order” as the basis for such a “conventional concept” as swearing [8].
Plutzer-Sarno stands alone among the swear words: it is the only word at the beginning of the list that does not denote genitals or copulation. According to survey results, “blyad” ranks second among obscene lexemes (after “ebat”), so the root of this word is included, along with the triad, in the “expressive core” of obscenities [8], which, according to Plutser-Sarno, consists of four roots .
Etymology of swear words[edit | edit wiki text]
- Huy - from the Slavic *xū- - “shoot”, “escape” < Proto-Indian-Hebrew *skeu-, hence the needles, cf. Latvian.skuja “needles”, Lit.skuja “cone (fruit)”.
- Pussy - from Proto-Indo-European *pisd-eH₂- - “vulva”, cf. lit.piza with the same semantics.
- Fuck - from Proto-Indo-European *iebh- (meaning “to copulate” according to Gamkrelidze-Ivanov or “to enter, invade” (German eingehen, eindringen) according to the dictionary edited by H. Rix with reference to the preservation of the meaning “to enter” in the Tocharian languages). Hence the Old High German eiba, the Old Greek οιφέω and the Sanskrit yábhati[10].
- Blyad - from Slavic blѫд > Russian blud - delusion, mistake, sin; originally there was an alternation of ѫ/ѧ. Wed. other Russian blyasti <blѧsti - “to be mistaken, to be mistaken”; st.-slav, “blѧditi” - the same, ts.-slav.bljadoslovit - “to lie, deceive, slander”, Polish błąd - “mistake”. The Proto-Slavic root blѫd-/blѧd- “to evade, get confused” < Proto-Indian-Heb. *bhlond-/*bhlend- “to flicker unclearly” has cognates in Germanic languages: English blend “to mix” [11], English blond “ fair-haired, blond"[12].
In the 19th century, a version of borrowing obscenities from the Mongolian language was put forward, which was criticized even at the time of its appearance. Currently, this version is completely refuted by birch bark letters with obscene text found in the second half of the 20th century (see Obscene vocabulary in birch bark letters). Nevertheless, the misconception remains widespread: when in 1989 the Atmoda newspaper first published T. Kibirov’s poem “Message to L. Rubinstein,” which included several swear words, one of the journalists pejoratively called it “a message from a Tatar to a Jew”[13 ].
***
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1 %82
The impact of profanity on the human body
We think many of us have read the Bible and remember that “in the beginning was the Word.” But most people didn’t even think about what exactly was contained in this important line. But Pyotr Goryaev managed to reveal this secret.
After many years of research that he conducted in Russian and foreign scientific institutes, it was proven that our DNA chain can be represented as a meaningful text consisting of words grouped with a special meaning. The scientist himself called this phenomenon “the speech of the Creator.” Thus, Goryaev confirmed that with our speech we can both heal ourselves and destroy ourselves. He claims that thought forms, and especially spoken words, are perceived by the genetic apparatus through special electromagnetic channels. Therefore, they can heal and support us, and in other cases literally explode DNA, causing certain disorders and mutations. And checkmate is the most destructive force that exists. Petr Goryaev believes that a frivolous attitude towards profanity leads not only to cultural, but also to physical degeneration of the nation.
Surprisingly, Goryaev’s hypothesis is partially confirmed by doctors. They have long noticed that stroke patients or patients after severe traumatic brain injuries who lose the ability to speak can quite freely pronounce long sentences entirely consisting of swear words. This means that at this moment in the body, signals pass through completely different nerve chains and endings.
Content
[hide]
- 1Etymology of the word “mat”
- 2Basic lexical units 2.1 Obscene triad
- 2.2Other maternal roots
- 2.3 Etymology of obscene vocabulary
The opinion of the clergy
Why can't you swear? Orthodoxy has always had a unanimous opinion on this matter. Any churchgoer can explain that profanity, first of all, is a sin that is displeasing to God. With abusive words we console the evil one and call on demons for help. And they never miss an opportunity to put a person in an even more difficult and difficult situation. Thus, we move further and further away from the Lord and cannot fully open our hearts to him.
In addition, many swear words are a real and terrible insult to the Mother of God and the entire female race in general. This is why girls should never swear. As future mothers, they should carry only a bright program within themselves, and not be “stained” with curses and blasphemous words. And this includes all swearing and any abusive speech.
Priests always try to convey that the word is God’s special gift to man. With it, he connects himself with the space surrounding him with invisible threads, and it depends only on the personality itself what exactly will happen to it. Often, even believers allow foul language, and then are surprised that troubles, misfortunes, poverty and illness come to their home. The Church sees a direct connection in this and advises carefully controlling your speech even in moments of intense anger.
Functions[edit | edit wiki text]
V.I. Zhelvis identifies 27 functions of invective vocabulary, although primary and secondary functions are sometimes mixed here, and the division sometimes looks too fractional [9]:
- as a means of expressing the profane principle, opposed to the sacred principle,
- cathartic,
- a means of lowering the social status of the addressee,
- a means of establishing contact between equal people,
- a means of friendly teasing or encouragement,
- "dueling" means,
- expresses the attitude of two to the third as a “scapegoat”,
- cryptolatic function (as a password),
- for self-encouragement,
- for self-deprecation,
- imagine yourself as a “person without prejudices”,
- implementation of “the elitism of a cultural position through its negation”,
- symbol of sympathy for the oppressed classes,
- narrative group - attracting attention,
- apotropaic function - “to confuse”
- transferring the opponent to the power of evil forces,
- magic function,
- feeling of power over the “demon of sexuality”,
- demonstration of the speaker's gender,
- eshrological function (ritual invectiveization of speech),
- in psychoanalysis it is used to treat nervous disorders,
- pathological profanity,
- invective as art,
- invective as rebellion,
- as a means of verbal aggression,
- division into permitted and unauthorized groups,
- like an interjection.
The influence of swearing on expectant mothers
Scientists claim that foul language has the ability to spoil a person’s health and condition not only in a momentary situation, but also completely change his genetic program laid down by nature. Swearing seems to knock out certain links from the DNA or completely change them. Any spoken word represents a certain wave genetic program, which in most cases does not have retroactive effect. Therefore, pregnant women must especially carefully monitor not only their own speech, but also the society in which they find themselves. After all, the influence of swearing extends not only to those who use foul language themselves, but also to that category that can be called “passive listeners.” Even one person in a group using profanity can cause great harm to everyone present.
If you still don’t understand why pregnant women shouldn’t swear, then you should turn to the latest scientific research. They became interested in the data that in some countries cerebral palsy and Down syndrome are extremely rare, while in others they are regularly included in the statistics of newborn diseases. It turned out that in countries where there is no such thing as “swearing”, there are much fewer congenital childhood diseases than in countries where foul language is the natural everyday speech of almost every person.
Content
[hide]
- 1The origin of Russian obscene vocabulary 1.1Obscene vocabulary in birch bark documents
- 5.1Use of obscene language in art and media
Children and swearing
Many adults do not consider it necessary to think about why it is forbidden to swear in front of children. They believe that children do not remember or understand anything yet, and therefore will not perceive profanity as something harmful. But this position is fundamentally wrong.
Mat is very dangerous for children of any age. First of all, he is a conductor of violence in the life of a child. Foul language most often becomes a companion to fights and any kind of aggression. Therefore, children very quickly become saturated with this energy and begin to actively broadcast it into the world around them, surprising their sometimes rather prosperous parents with their behavior.
Secondly, dependence on swear words almost instantly develops. Psychologists quite often draw a parallel between it and alcohol or nicotine addiction. A child who uses profanity from a very early age will have great difficulty breaking this habit. The process will require incredible effort from him.
Thirdly, foul language reduces your child’s chances of finding happiness in the future and becoming a happy parent of a healthy baby. Therefore, try to convey to your children as clearly as possible why you should not swear.
Interesting fact about profanity
Many people wonder why you can’t swear in prison. There are several explanations for this rule. The first includes the fact that many swear words contain understandable insults. And in prison jargon they are interpreted literally. Therefore, a couple of such words can be perceived as a mortal insult, and one could well pay for it with one’s life.
In addition, places of detention have their own language - fenya. It carries quite a lot of negative energy and psychologists consider its effect on the body to be much more powerful than swearing.
Basic lexical units[edit | edit wiki text]
Main article: Obscene vocabulary in Russian
Mat is usually defined in terms of lexical composition. Thus, swearing researcher Yu. I. Levin[7] defines swearing (“obscene expressions”) as “relatively complete” speech segments containing at least one obscene root. According to Levin, roots can be specified by a list, the core of which consists of “three well-known swearing roots,” but the boundaries of the list are blurred. The exact criteria for inclusion in the list are impossible to determine, since ultimately swearing is something that is defined as such by native speakers and some disagreement is inevitable; for example, the word “gondon” (condom) is perceived as obscene by some native speakers, but not by others[8].
A typical list of swear words consists of 4-7 elements. Russian swear words are of Slavic origin, borrowed from vernacular, dialects and jargons, and are associated with the sexual sphere of life[2].
Obscene triad[edit | edit wiki text]
The basis of Russian obscene vocabulary is the “obscene triad”, popular in many languages: the male genital organ (“dick”) - the female genital organ (“pussy”) - a verb describing copulation (“fuck”)[9]. The modern Russian language is characterized by the absence of neutral literary synonyms for the words of the triad; the closest equivalents have a purely medical meaning (and often Latin etymology)[2].
Other obscene roots[edit | edit wiki text]
A. Yu. Plutser-Sarno cites 35 roots that survey participants considered obscene (the list includes “eat” and “vomit”; Plutser-Sarno adds that survey participants considered “and some other” roots as obscene) and notes that more often In total, seven lexemes are considered obscene: in addition to the triad, these are “whore” (fallen woman), “mude” (testicles), “manda” (female genitalia), “elda” (male genitalia). It is these seven words that Plutser-Sarno proposes to take in “working order” as the basis for such a “conventional concept” as swearing [8].
Plutzer-Sarno stands alone among the swear words: it is the only word at the beginning of the list that does not denote genitals or copulation. According to survey results, “blyad” ranks second among obscene lexemes (after “ebat”), so the root of this word is included, along with the triad, in the “expressive core” of obscenities [8], which, according to Plutser-Sarno, consists of four roots .
Etymology of swear words[edit | edit wiki text]
- Huy - from the Slavic *xū- - “shoot”, “escape” < Proto-Indian-Hebrew *skeu-, hence the needles, cf. Latvian.skuja “needles”, Lit.skuja “cone (fruit)”.
- Pussy - from Proto-Indo-European *pisd-eH₂- - “vulva”, cf. lit.piza with the same semantics.
- Fuck - from Proto-Indo-European *iebh- (meaning “to copulate” according to Gamkrelidze-Ivanov or “to enter, invade” (German eingehen, eindringen) according to the dictionary edited by H. Rix with reference to the preservation of the meaning “to enter” in the Tocharian languages). Hence the Old High German eiba, the Old Greek οιφέω and the Sanskrit yábhati[10].
- Blyad - from Slavic blѫд > Russian blud - delusion, mistake, sin; originally there was an alternation of ѫ/ѧ. Wed. other Russian blyasti <blѧsti - “to be mistaken, to be mistaken”; st.-slav, “blѧditi” - the same, ts.-slav.bljadoslovit - “to lie, deceive, slander”, Polish błąd - “mistake”. The Proto-Slavic root blѫd-/blѧd- “to evade, get confused” < Proto-Indian-Heb. *bhlond-/*bhlend- “to flicker unclearly” has cognates in Germanic languages: English blend “to mix” [11], English blond “ fair-haired, blond"[12].
In the 19th century, a version of borrowing obscenities from the Mongolian language was put forward, which was criticized even at the time of its appearance. Currently, this version is completely refuted by birch bark letters with obscene text found in the second half of the 20th century (see Obscene vocabulary in birch bark letters). Nevertheless, the misconception remains widespread: when in 1989 the Atmoda newspaper first published T. Kibirov’s poem “Message to L. Rubinstein,” which included several swear words, one of the journalists pejoratively called it “a message from a Tatar to a Jew”[13 ].
Russian mat (foul language, swearing, swearing, obsolete barking swearing [1]) - in Russian and related languages - swear words and expressions, the use of which is not allowed by public morality, intended primarily to insult the addressee or negative assessments of people and phenomena [2]. Obscene statements are considered to be statements that include words formed from obscene roots (the list of such roots is determined by surveys of native speakers and traditionally contains from four to seven well-known roots).
