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53.942084; 27.653881
Belarus, Minsk, Kalinovskogo street, 121
Minsk
Belarus
Phones:
(+37517) 269-25-01 - office; (+37517) 269-25-02 - reception; (+37517) 269-25-70 - fax
Email:
All Saints Church
(Belarusian Church of All Saints) - Minsk church-monument in the name of All Saints and in memory of the victims who served for the salvation of our Fatherland. Located in Minsk, at the intersection of Kalinovsky and Vsekhsvyatskaya streets.
History[edit]
All Saints Church is located at the intersection of Kalinovsky and Vsesvyatskaya streets, which before that was a nameless street. And only at the end of 2007, the nameless street, intersecting with Kalinovsky Street, received the name Vsesvyatskaya - it connects the ring road with the temple.
The decision to build a church in the name of All Saints in the city of Minsk was made at a meeting of the Synod of the Belarusian Orthodox Church on April 29, 1990. On June 4, 1991, the consecration of the foundation stone of the memorial church in honor of All Saints in Minsk took place, which was performed by Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Alexy II during his first Patriarchal visit to the Republic of Belarus.
In 1996, with the participation of the President of the Republic of Belarus A.G. Lukashenko and Metropolitan of Minsk and Slutsk Philaret, Patriarchal Exarch of All Belarus, laid a capsule with a memorial letter with an appeal to descendants at the foundation of the memorial church.
The construction site was not chosen by chance: on the eastern side it is directly adjacent to the Moscow (Eastern) cemetery, where many compatriots who contributed to the honor and glory of Belarus are buried. In 2005, the project “Church-monument in honor of All Saints and in memory of those innocently killed in Our Fatherland,” and in the summer of 2006 its construction began.
On September 26, 2006, the consecration ceremony of the wooden Trinity Church took place on the territory of the All Saints Church complex. On the same day, three large bells were consecrated and raised to the belfry of the temple-monument on behalf of the President of the Republic of Belarus A.G. Lukashenko, His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Alexy II and Metropolitan of Minsk and Slutsk Philaret. On November 21, 2006, the main dome was installed on the temple.
On October 25, 2008, during his last Primate visit to Belarus, His Holiness Patriarch Alexy approved a different name for the temple, which most fully corresponds to the intention of the memorial: “Monument Church in honor of All Saints and in memory of the victims who served for the salvation of our Fatherland.” The new name was approved by the Synod of the Belarusian Orthodox Church on March 30, 2012.
On July 2, 2010, on the eve of the celebration of Independence Day of the Republic of Belarus, in the crypt of the temple-monument in honor of All Saints, a solemn ceremony was held to bury the remains of three unknown soldiers - warriors of the Patriotic War of 1812, the First World War and the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The events were attended by President A.G. Lukashenko and Metropolitan Filaret, who said a prayer of permission over the deceased and sprinkled their remains with holy water.
On December 9, 2010, Metropolitan Philaret consecrated the chapel in honor of the holy prophet, Forerunner and Baptist of the Lord John of the All Saints Church.
On April 11, 2012, a “Memory Board” was opened in the crypt of the All Saints Church - a tribute to those who died during the tragedy at the Oktyabrskaya metro station in 2011. It is also planned to house an archive in the temple, which will collect information about Belarusians who have become victims of wars, repressions and terrorist attacks.
On October 14 of the same year, during the Primate's visit to Minsk, His Holiness Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus' led the opening ceremony of the monument to His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Rus', installed at the steps of the All Saints Church-monument.
Used materials
- Pages of the official website of the parish:
- — “About the arrival”
- — “About the temple - History of its origin”
- - “About the temple - Side chapels”
:
[1] “His Holiness Patriarch Kirill arrived in Minsk” // Official website of the Moscow Patriarchate, October 14, 2012 -
[2] “Consecration of the Chapel in honor of the icon of the Mother of God “Quench my sorrows” of the All Saints Church-Monument” -
[3] “On the Feast of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos, His Holiness Patriarch Kirill performed the rite of great consecration of the memorial church in honor of All Saints in Minsk” -
Description[edit]
The temple in honor of All Saints has the shape of a tent topped with a cross. The tent symbolizes the Mother of God and Christ as the head of the Church. The tent is based on the number nine, formed by eight wide edges with a geometric center - its apex. In the crypt (lower altar part of the temple) soil will be collected from the fields of all the great historical battles in defense of the Belarusian land.
To the left and right of the tent there are two side chapels - they remind of compatriots who died during the wars.
The five domes of the temple-monument are erected in honor of All Saints of Belarus, in memory of all the soldiers who fell for the fatherland, all those innocently tortured in prisons and camps, and all the murdered children. It is planned to light an unquenchable lamp in the crypt, rebury the remains of prominent historical figures, install memorial plaques around the entire perimeter, and weave plates with the names of the dead into the ornament.
The height including the cross is 74 meters.
About the parish
The religious community “Parish in honor of All Saints in Minsk of the Minsk Diocese of the Belarusian Orthodox Church” was founded on May 14, 1992 and includes:
· Temple-monument in honor of All Saints; · The House of Mercy is a unique social facility of the Orthodox Church, created for conciliar service to people; · Temple in honor of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity, built in the traditions of Russian wooden architecture.
The House of Mercy is the first multifunctional social facility of the Orthodox Church on the territory of Belarus. It is a spiritual center that is designed to unite those who come here for help and those who strive to creatively realize their intellectual and spiritual potential, who are able and willing to serve God and their neighbors. Orthodox Church on the territory of Belarus. It is a spiritual center that is designed to unite those who come here for help, and those who strive to creatively realize their intellectual and spiritual potential, who are able and willing to serve God and their neighbors. The creation of the House of Mercy was blessed by the Metropolitan of Minsk and Slutsk Philaret, Patriarchal Exarch of All Belarus. Construction was carried out under the patronage of the President of the Republic of Belarus A.G. Lukashenko and Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Alexy II.
On June 26, 1993, the Foundation stone for future construction was installed, and on May 19, 2002, the consecration of the House of Mercy took place by His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Rus', co-served by His Eminence Philaret Metropolitan of Minsk and Slutsk, Patriarchal Exarch of All Belarus, in the presence of the President of the Republic of Belarus A.G. . Lukashenko, members of the Belarusian Synod and numerous guests.
The implementation of the project was entrusted to Archpriest Feodor Povny and the Belarusian architect Lev Nikolaevich Pogorelov. Construction began in 1995. The architectural feature of the House is that from a bird's eye view it has the shape of a six-pointed Cross of St. Euphrosyne of Polotsk - an Orthodox shrine of the Belarusian land.
The rector of the parish since its foundation has been mitered Archpriest Theodore Povny.
The mission of the House of Mercy is general human rehabilitation: spiritual, medical and social. Help and support are provided to all those who come seeking support and consolation at the House of Mercy, regardless of social status, nationality and religion.
At the head of the House of Mercy, a temple was built in honor of the holy righteous Job the Long-Suffering. The walls of the temple are decorated with frescoes depicting the Cathedral of New Martyrs of the Minsk Diocese of the 20th century and the Minsk Orthodox churches destroyed during the hard times. The prayerful beauty of the Church is created by the harmonious organization of space, the color of the wall paintings and the unique porcelain iconostasis.
Religious community “Parish in honor of All Saints in Minsk of the Minsk Diocese of the Belarusian Orthodox Church”
Address: Republic of Belarus 220114 Minsk, F. Skorina St., 11. Telephones:
(+37517) 269-25-01 — Office (+37517) 269-25-02 — Reception (+37517) 269-25-70 — Fax E-mail
Architecture
Truly, the All Saints Church in Minsk amazes with its monumentality, festive elegance and splendor. From any point of view it maintains its symmetry. A high staircase visually increases the size of the structure. Elevators are available for the infirm and elderly parishioners.
Chief architect Lev Nikolaevich Pogorelov said about his creation: “I won’t design anything else. This is my favorite object, my swan song."
And indeed, soon after the construction of the church in the capital of Belarus, the great architect died. The architect's idea to combine the historical heritage of the past with the construction technologies of the present to build a message to the future, for the edification of descendants, was embodied in stone. All Saints Church is 74 meters high, including the cross. The shape of the building is traditional for Orthodox architecture - it is a tent, which is a symbol of the Mother of God, and a cross crowning it, denoting Jesus Christ. The base of the tent has the shape of an octagon. On the sides of the main tent there are two chapels - this is also a symbol, standing on the right and left hand of the Mother of God and Christ - the faithful sons of the Fatherland, defenders of the Orthodox Faith, who died in battles for the Fatherland.
The temple is very spacious; its territory can accommodate more than 1000 believers at a time.
Beginning of construction of the Temple-Monument
For two years, Father Fedor and Honored Architect of Belarus Lev Nikolaevich Pogorelov worked on the drawings of the future temple. However, in 1997, a year after the start of the process, construction was suspended - for eight whole years! The crypt was flooded with water...
But sometimes the construction of churches is accompanied by obvious miracles... When the question arose of who would complete the domes and cover them with a special composition, it turned out that there were no such specialists in Minsk. Where to look? And then one day a car specializing in this particular craft was driving from Chelyabinsk. Near the All Saints Church, the car stopped dead - a serious breakdown. Then everything went like clockwork...
Temple decoration
Inside there are three chapels at once (a place for the altar): the main one in honor of All Saints, the lower northern one in honor of the Beheading of John the Baptist and the upper northern one in honor of the icon of the Virgin Mary. There are 9 icons with everyday scenes. There is also a mural. Everything is done in the style of the 15th–17th centuries. Decorative elements are presented in the form of flat wooden carvings. In the place where the icon of the Mother of God “Quiet my sorrows” hangs, blue, white and dark red colors are used. The chapel is decorated with gilded carvings. The technique of painting on dry plaster was used. In the upper area there are images of gospel events. Above the main iconostasis hangs an icon of the Trinity, and opposite there is a balcony with a Crucifixion above it.
There is a crypt under the main premises. This is the place where the chapel was located and the burial place of the saints. Entrance to it is possible through heavy bronze doors weighing more than 1 ton. They are called “Tears of Belarus”. Here are captured 6 symbols of the heroism of the Belarusian people in warriors from different times. Behind them there are several vaulted rooms connected to each other. In the tomb lie three unknown warriors. In the central room there are memorial niches with soil where the local army heroically fought. There is also an icon of the Resurrection of Christ, and in front of it is an everlasting lamp made of marble. Parishioners light candles about her and place them in memory of the soldiers.
Shrines
The temple-monument houses several especially revered shrines in Orthodoxy.
- First of all, these are particles of the relics of Nicholas the Ugodnik, one of the most popular archbishops in the Russian Orthodox Church.
- The Minsk All Saints Church preserves the relics of a man of amazing destiny, Archbishop John of Western America and San Francisco, canonized in 1993.
- Inside, on the walls there are many priceless icons, including the miraculous Sovereign Icon of the Mother of God, created at the end of the 18th century.
- One of the shrines of the temple-monument is a reliquary cross containing grains of the relics of 44 saints.
Subaltar crypt-memorial
The word “crypt” (from the Greek κρυπτή - covered underground passage, hiding place) has been included in church practice since ancient times. The first Christians who hid in the catacombs called this the premises where services were held and the burials of the dead took place. Since the Middle Ages, chapels under churches began to be called crypts. The Orthodox began to bury prominent and glorious sons of the Fatherland under the altar of the church.
This tradition is continued by the crypt, built in the Minsk temple-monument. The entrance to it opens with heavy doors weighing more than a ton. They symbolize human grief, the tears of Belarus, indicated by six carved marks. Each of them contains a tear enclosed in a wreath and depicts those historical events and places that are marked by special heroism and associated with the suffering of the people. These are the Battle of Grunwald in 1410, the Chernobyl tragedy in 1986, the line of confrontation near Smorgon 1915 - 1917, Khatyn 1943, the Trostenets death camp 1941 - 1944. and special purpose camp "Solovki" 1923 - 1939.
On the interior doors there is an image of the tree of life, which symbolizes the continuity of generations. Next, the mosaic panel reproduces the coats of arms of the largest cities in Belarus. In the center of the composition is the cross of Euphrosyne of Polotsk. The descent into the crypt is shaded with images of the leader of the army of the Heavenly Archangel Michael and the messenger of the Divine secrets, Archangel Gabriel.
The crypt as such occupies the lower subtartal part of the All Saints Church-Monument and is represented by the following premises:
- A tomb containing 8 niches. Since 2010, three of them contain the remains of Belarusian soldiers who died in the battles of the Patriotic War of 1812, the First World War and the Great Patriotic War.
- The central room is equipped with memorial niches, where the soil from the places where the Belarusians who served our Fatherland died is stored in crystal vessels. The niches in the walls are covered with onyx plates, the patterns of which are not repeated, like the unique destinies of people.
In the interior of the crypt there is an icon of the Resurrection of Christ made in Palekh, and a marble lamp with bronze decoration that never goes out. The fire that was taken from the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem has been burning in it for 10 years. Candlesticks are left on the sides of the lamp. Everyone who visits the crypt can light a candle here from the Holy Fire or take home a particle of it.
In 2013, a capsule containing fragments of the skin of the Kursk nuclear submarine that sank in 2000 was transferred to the crypt of the Minsk All Saints Church. In 2015, 39 capsules with soil from the burial places of Belarusian soldiers who died far from their homeland were laid by volunteers of the “Kind Heart” movement. Since 2015, capsules with Afghan soil appeared in the crypt of the temple, in 2016 - with soil and ashes from the Trostenets death camp, with Yalta soil from the burial place of Maxim Bogdanovich. Since 2021, soil from the graves of traffic police officers who died in the line of duty has been stored in the niches of the crypt; since 2018, soil from the site of the Battle of Kursk has been stored. In 2019, from all regions of Belarus, land from the mass graves of defenders of Belarus was transferred to the All Saints Church.
There are also memorial plaques in the temple crypt. The first of them is dedicated to the memory of those killed during the terrorist attack at the Oktyabrskaya metro station. The second, opened in 2014, perpetuates the memory of those killed in Afghanistan. The third was installed in 2016 in memory of the victims of the Chernobyl disaster.
Architectural features
The attraction has a tent shape with five gilded domes and crosses on top of them. The design has eight faces with a ninth as a vertex. The total height is 74 meters, and without crosses - 72. The structure was built according to the famous golden ratio with two numbers at the head: five and nine. This is the number of saints in Belarus and, according to church canons, the total number of faces. 1200 worshipers can be placed inside at a time.
The outside of the building is white with gold trim. It is found not only on domes, but also on protruding decorations. It resembles beautiful steps that rise to the very top. There is a large icon written above the front door. The entire main part stands on a two-story base. A wide staircase leads to it. After sunset the backlight turns on. Nearby there is another church - the Holy Trinity. It is small and built of wood.
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Question and answer
When can you visit the crypt of the Minsk All Saints Church?
It is open to the public from 12.00 to 18.00 every Saturday and Sunday.
Are there tours of the crypt of All Saints Church?
On days when the crypt receives visitors, you can walk through it accompanied by a trained guide.
How were the remains of unknown soldiers chosen to be placed in the crypt of the memorial temple?
For this purpose, a thorough examination of archaeological and anthropological data was carried out.
