Seventy Apostles of Jesus Christ
Author Inna Pastukhova
17.01.2012 14:20
Religion » Religions of Russia » Orthodoxy
On January 17, the Orthodox Church celebrates the Council of 70 Apostles, chosen by Christ to preach the Gospel throughout the entire earth. They were not part of the inner circle of the 12 apostles, but it is impossible to overestimate the significance of their exploits, confession and martyrdom. Who were these chosen ones? Why did you choose them and exactly seventy?
“After this the Lord also chose seventy other disciples, and sent them two by two before Him into every city and place where He Himself wanted to go” (Luke 10:1) - the Evangelist Luke describes the Lord’s election of seventy apostles, among whom was himself. This event occurred in the last year of the earthly life of Jesus Christ. “The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few”—this is how the Lord Himself explained the reason for the election of the apostles.
Why exactly seventy? According to interpreters of the Holy Scriptures, 12 apostles correspond to the number of patriarchs - the ancestors of the tribes of Israel, and 70 apostles - the number of ancient elders of the Jewish people chosen by the prophet Moses (Num. 11:24). Thus, the apostles became the head of the new Israel - the Church of Christ.
Who were they?
The first of the apostles was Jacob, the brother of the Lord, the son of Joseph the Betrothed from his first marriage. In his youth, he accompanied the Most Holy Theotokos and the Child and the righteous Joseph in their flight to Egypt. Jacob himself was called the Righteous for his wisdom, justice and ascetic life. After the Resurrection of Christ, Jacob was appointed head of the Jerusalem Church. Being a disciple of the rejected Christ among the proud Israelites is not an easy task, but this righteous man was respected not only by Christians, but even by Jews. People called him “Obli” or “Ofli”, which means: “fence, affirmation to people” - after all, he prayed day and night in the temple for all people. Many converted to Christianity only by trusting the words of the righteous Jacob. The 12 apostles themselves trusted James, giving him the final word at the Jerusalem Council.
Orthodox Life
Answered by priest Andrei Chizhenko.
On Sunday, January 17, the Orthodox Church celebrates the Council of the Seventy Apostles. These are not some mythical characters with incomprehensible names, but living people who, despite the darkness of paganism and fanatical hatred of the Savior of the Jews, gave their lives to God in order to serve the Almighty with every breath and every moment.
Each of these people became a candle lit from the Sun of Truth - Christ our God. And these candles enlightened many peoples with the light of Christ's faith. They baptized, preached, erected crosses, served, healed, established the Church, transforming with Divine grace the entire ecumene-universe from dark and passionately sinful paganism into a bright and saving Christian world. The apostles, like a healing medicine given by God, spread through the arteries of humanity, and it was through them, through the apostles - the conductors of Divine grace - that the Lord healed and continues to heal us, millions and millions of people who have died, are living and will still live.
Moreover, among the seventy apostles there were completely different people. Relatives of Christ are the Apostle James, the brother of the Lord, the first Bishop of Jerusalem, Cleopas, the younger brother of the holy righteous Joseph the Betrothed, and the Apostle Simeon, the son of Cleopas. Among the seventy apostles were representatives of the ancient priestly family Barnabas and John, who later became the holy Apostle and Evangelist Mark, a disciple of Saint John the Baptist Thaddeus. But at the same time, there was also the Hellenic physician Lucian, enlightened by the light of the Christian faith and already known to us as the Apostle and Evangelist Luke. There was also a simple runaway slave, Onesimus, who was baptized by the holy chief apostle Paul. Here I would also like to mention other apostles, such as Saint Dionysius the Areopagite, who wrote real treasures of spiritual literature: “On the Heavenly Hierarchy”, “On the Church Hierarchy”, “On the Names of God”, “On Mystical Theology” and others, and the Roman holy Apostle Hermas, who created the book “The Shepherd”, famous during the first centuries of Christianity.
Also interesting are the lives of equal-to-the-apostles husbands and wives who served the Lord, God and Savior Jesus Christ.
For example, the holy righteous Joseph of Arimathea. He, having confessed himself as a disciple of Christ and served the Savior during the sufferings on the cross and at the burial of His Most Pure Body, was persecuted by the Jews and forced to flee very far away - to the British Peninsula. In England he is revered as the apostle of that country.
And another righteous man, Nicodemus, mentioned in the Gospel in the so-called conversation with Nicodemus (Gospel of John, chapter 3), was also expelled from Judea for confessing faith in Christ the Messiah and participating in the burial of the Savior.
This same Nicodemus was hidden from the wrath of the Jews by the teacher of the holy supreme Apostle Paul - the holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Gamaliel, mentioned in the Holy Scriptures (Acts 5:34-40). It is known that after the martyrdom of the holy apostle and first martyr Stephen, Gamaliel took upon himself the courage and buried him on his estate.
The fate of the publican Zacchaeus, mentioned in the 19th chapter of the Gospel of Luke, is also interesting. After being called by the Savior, Zacchaeus served God faithfully. He was a disciple of the holy supreme apostle Peter, who ordained him bishop of Caesarea in Palestine.
The lives of other apostles from the seventy and husbands and wives equal to the apostles are also fascinating.
All these are the drops of human life in the Holy Spirit that make up the ocean of the gospel gospel for humanity - for all of us.
These were all living people. They sinned and were subject to various passions. But their hearts persistently sought God. And He appeared to them and saved them. And after this turning point, these people sacrificed their lives to Him and became His servants, His apostles, His messengers.
So we, each of us, need to stop, wake up from the bustle and ask: “God, here I stand before You. What should I do? How can I fulfill Your will? What should I do with myself? And how can I continue to live... with You?
After all, in a sense, we are “apostles”-messengers; for some reason we were sent by God to this world to fulfill His good will.
Holy apostles, pray to God for us!
Council of the 70 Apostles
Creation of St. Joseph the Songwriter
Song 1
Irmos: I will open my lips, and they will be filled with the Spirit, and I will vomit a word to the Queen Mother, and I will appear, brightly triumphant, and I will sing, rejoicing, These are miracles.
Chorus: Holy apostles, pray to God for us.
Former disciples of Christ, for the sake of us, by the prophetic bodily manifestation of all praise, enlighten the whole world with the dawn of piety, having destroyed the darkness of atheism.
The corruptible ones were left behind, defiled and unpermanent, Christ was followed by Crispus, and Prochorus, and Andronicus, Thaddeus and Nicanor, the former luminaries of God.
The fortress of the destroyer is victorious, the glory, the fortress of the Spirit, but the fury of godlessness ultimately weakens the strength of the fulfillment and divine understanding.
In the flesh, in the likeness of the Lord, Amplius preached, Stachy and Philip, as apostles, as divine hierarchs, as truly a servant of those who exist above the mind.
Theotokos: Let us honor the Divine Chamber of the Tsar, in Nyuzha we will dwell, as we desire, the inexperienced and only Mother of God, for whose sake we are deified, let us glorify.
Song 3
Irmos: Thy hymns, Mother of God, living and unenvious Source, the face of Thy body, spiritually established, in Thy divine glory, the crowns of glory of the Lord.
Like rivers, the Word has sent you throughout the whole earth, filling it with all wisdom, infusing the Divine Spirit and the flame of atheism with grace.
Let us sing praises to the divine Timon, and to Silas and Silouan, and by faith let us praise the glorious Epenetus, and Urvan, and Agab, true preachers of Christ.
Blessed already, as the truly blessed Teacher God has acquired, like the first accursed, all-wisdom, partakers of the demonstration of Divine bliss.
Theotokos: Pure before the Nativity, and at the Nativity, and after the Nativity, you were truly a Virgin, Mother: You gave birth to God, His class of apostles was most enlightened in preaching.
Sedalen, voice 3
The crowds of the unwavering of Cerkve, the foundation of a goodness, who would have been, the student of God, observe this neurophage, driven awayly flattering the temptation and the prayer of Christ to always grant the faith of the Miragy.
Glory, even now: I was born to Jesus of the Virgin Mary, and in the Jordan I was baptized by John, the Spirit descended upon Him, visible in the form of a dove. For this reason, the prophet and the angels said, calling: Glory to Your coming, O Christ, glory to Your Kingdom, glory to Your vision, O One Lover of Mankind.
Song 4
Irmos: The unsearchable advice of God, even from the Virgin of the incarnation of You, the Most High, the prophet Habakkuk saw, calling: glory to Your power, Lord.
Having troubled the pagan sea, the disciples of Savior and the faithful came into this, with all their wisdom, like horses, saving them with holy water and the Spirit.
She shone like the sun on earth, Pud, Apellius and Philologos, and Herodion, Rufus and Patrov and the faithful enlighteners, who were delivered from the darkness of ignorance.
Strain, you sent arrows as you are so sophisticated, arrows, crushing the enemy and fiercely wounded, glory, healing by the grace of God.
Let us bring praise to the Deliverer, praising the god-speaking Rodion, and the glorious Hermias, and the wise Asyncritus, and the divine Linus and Gaius.
Theotokos: The most blessed ancient face of those prophesying by the Spirit of God's words is sacred, the All-Pure One, the door and the overshadowed mountain.
Song 5
Irmos: Everyone was terrified of Your Divine glory: For You, the unartificed Virgin, had in your womb God above all, and You gave birth to the Flightless Son, to all who sang Your praises, bestowing peace present.
Knit, all-validated ones, and decide, as the apostles, having received power, you will resolve the evil faith bound by bonds, and we also celebrate your memory, truly jubilantly.
May Aristarchus be honored with his songs of song, Tertius, Jasson and Sosthenes, Caesar and Mark, Luke, Sosipater, Quartus and the divine Apellius, Climus and Epaphroditus and the all-wise Erastus.
You, like the twelve, have been sent by the Lord, all eradicating godlessness, instilling in all people the knowledge of Divine light, glorious apostles, prayer books for our souls.
Theotokos: Enlighten your eyes, O Virgin, of my heart, shine upon the dawn of repentance, deliver me eternally, door of Light, refuge of all Christians, faithfully chanting Thee.
Song 6
Irmos: This divine and all-honorable celebration, God of God, Mother of God, come, let us clasp our hands, from Her we glorify the God who was born.
Sprinkle the water of life into the whole world, appearing as clouds of inspiration, O apostles, and irrigating the hearts of the faithful.
The verb of the Divine power of your rhetoricians, conquer much cruelty and make the unwise wise, foolish by reason, charms, all-wisdom.
May the Divine Pud and Trophimus, the glorious Philemon and Aristarchus, Onesiphorus and the most abundant Tychicus, as disciples of the Word, be exalted.
Theotokos: I sing to Thee, the only All-Singing One, I glorify Thee, ever-glorious to God, and I bless Thee, Who gave birth to blessed generations, the God-blessed Virgin.
Kontakion, voice 2
We will praise the seventy divine faces of Christ’s disciples, verily, in songs, for with them all will learn to venerate the Indivisible Trinity, and the lamps of divine faith abid.
Ikos:
Let us praise the faces of the seventy apostles, according to Vernia, with sacred hymns: Stephen, Prochorus, and Silas, and Nicanor, Timon, and Amplius, and Parmenes, Apelius, James, Philip, Aristarcha, and Mark, and Matthias, and Herodion, Criscent and Phlegon, Barnabas, Linus and Olympus, Ananias, Luke and Asyncritus and others, abide for the lamps of the divine faith.
Song 7
Irmos: Having not served the creation of God, more than the Creator, but, having bravely overcome the fiery rebuke, I rejoice, singing: O venerable father, Lord and God, blessed art thou.
Having caught in a word, having drawn out from the depths of godlessness the many scattered tongues, having confirmed the wisdom of these with signs and wonders, the wisdom of the apostles, the guides of the lost.
Having entered into a quiet haven, the savior and the ruler of wisdom appeared to those worried in the fierce sea, chanting: Father, Lord and God, blessed are you.
Let us please all Evoda and Karp, and Tychicus, and Cephas, Justus and Artem, and the glorious Zina, as Christ’s disciples, singing: Fathers, Lord and God, blessed art thou.
Lightning-dazzling Spirit, Christ's apostles, overcome by the night of ignorance, delivered and guided to the Light of life, always crying out: God, blessed are you.
Theotokos: Purgatory, All-Immaculate, you were always the one who sinned, giving birth naturally to the world of Christ, who took away the sin, to Him we call: Father, Lord and God, blessed are you.
Song 8
Irmos: The pious youths in the cave The Nativity of the Theotokos saved is, then what was formed, now in action, the whole universe raises up to sing to You: Sing to the Lord, do ye, and exalt Him in all things ́ki.
The minds, frozen by the Word, all-glorious, and in them the saving seeds of this day, and the class of piety a hundredfold, are renewed - there are many saved, the Lord's apostles of all wisdom.
With the divine praises of James, we honor Cleopas, Barnabas and Stephen, Narcissos, Mark, Aristobulus and Apelius, apostles of Christ, crying out: Sing to the Lord, O works, and exalt in all things ́ki.
Wearing the cross instead of armor, the army of the serpent, the apostles of all wisdom, bravely took up arms against everyone, and, having destroyed, even captivated people, caught by faith, and brought to the Lord the Giver of Life .
Theotokos: Oh, a miracle greater than miracles! How do you give birth and remain virgin, O All-Pure Bride of God? For thou hast given birth to the Word, to the Father without meaning, to Him we all sing: Sing to the Lord, do ye, and exalt ye unto all ages.
Song 9
Irmos: Let every earth-born leap, let us be enlightened by the Spirit, let the nature of disembodied minds triumph, honoring the sacred triumph of the Mother of God, and let it cry out: Rejoice, All-Blessed, Pure Mother of God Ever-Devo.
Heal our hearts, O Christ, with the prayers of those who loved Thee and preached in all nations God and the Lord, the Creator of all, and the idolatrous darkness of all who drove away with the light of the preaching Denmark.
Like lightning, the world illuminated Luke together with Hermas, Mark and Ananias and with Matthias the Holy Olympus and the fulfillment of the faithful enlightened, even by faith today we honor the sacred and honest songs stumps.
Let us stand reverently in the house of our God and please the holy preachers and teachers, and the wise of angels, and the rich, the saviors, and the defenders, and the representatives of all beings who honor their memory.
Illuminated by the immaterial light of the Spirit, Akila, Akhaik, Luki the glorious and Furtunat with the sixty and six saints of Christ, the saints and disciples, and the hearts of all, illuminate their luminous memory today .
Theotokos: The radiance of the splendor of the Nativity of Your prayer, and understand all the sunflowers, and destroy the representative of darkness, All-Pure Mother of God, praise to the angels and salvation to all men, unceasing voices praising Ty.
Luminous
Apostles of the all-validated Christ, the all-generous, and disciples, and seers of God, do not remain silent, praying for us, loving your memory, so that forgiveness of sins and Divine grace will be found on the Day of Judgment.
APOLLOS
[Greek ̓Απολλῶς], ap. from 70 (mem. 30 March, 10 September, 4 January - there are 70 apostles in the Cathedral), one of the preachers of the First Christ. Church mentioned in the NT (Acts 18.24-19.1; 1 Cor. 1.12; 3.4-6.22; 16.12; Titus 3.13). Some Greek manuscripts in the Book of Acts (18.24) offer variant readings of his name - Apollonius (Code Beza D) and Apelles (Code Sinaiticus, etc.). According to the Book of Acts (18.24-19.1), A., who received only “John’s baptism,” is an eloquent Alexandrian Jew who boldly preached Christ among the Jews in Ephesus. Here A. was received by Aquila and Priscilla, colleagues of the apostle. Paul on his 2nd missionary journey, which “explained to him more precisely the way of the Lord” (Acts 18:26). Afterwards A., having received a letter of recommendation from the Ephesian Christians, arrived in Corinth, where he also successfully preached Christ among the Jews. In the 1st Epistle to the Corinthians (3.6-9) ap. Paul calls A. “a fellow worker with God,” a servant through whom the Corinthians believed. However, the same Epistle reports divisions in the Corinthian Church, with one group of believers considering themselves “Apollos” (1 Cor 1:12). Even before writing the app. Paul of the 1st Epistle to the Corinthians, A., perhaps precisely due to the fact that his preaching caused an undesirable response, leaves Corinth and arrives in Ephesus, where he meets the apostle who is there at that time. Pavel. Judging by the testimony of the 1st Epistle to the Corinthians (16.12), good relations were established between them, which may have persisted until the end of the apostle’s life. Paul (Titus 3:13).
Apostles Epaphroditus, Sosthenes, Apollos, Cephas and Caesar. Miniature from Greco-cargo. manuscripts. XV century (RNB) Apostles Epaphroditus, Sosthenes, Apollos, Cephas and Caesar. Miniature from Greco-cargo. manuscripts. XV century (RNB)
According to Orthodox thought. interpreters, divisions in the Corinthian Church were of an irreligious nature and the leaders of these groups were considered by the believers to be certain members of the community unknown to us, but outstanding for their education and eloquence, and not at all the apostles A., Paul or Cephas (Theophylact of Bulgaria, Blessed. Interpretation of the Epistles of St. Apostle Paul, M., 2000, Book 1, pp. 203-204; Theophan the Recluse, St. Interpretation of the Epistles of St. Apostle Paul: First Epistle to the Corinthians. M., 1893, 1998, pp. 15-20). Ap. Paul introduced these names into the Epistle for pedagogical reasons, showing that if you cannot consider even such famous preachers as your teachers, then even more so you cannot consider less significant people as them. This t.zr. interpreters of the ancient Church does not explain, however, the deliberate attention of the apostle. Paul to the person of A. - repeated mentions of him in the 1st Epistle to the Corinthians speak of the special significance of his figure for the Corinthians. Whatever the nature of the Corinthian “disputes,” it is clear that “there was no deep disruption of the church peace” (Cassian, p. 196), for the tone of the 1st Epistle to the Corinthians in the part devoted to divisions is calm .
Of particular interest is the question of the content and nature of A.’s sermon, which so impressed the Corinthian Christians that the “Apollos” are placed on a par with the “Paul”, “Cethe” and “Christ”. The key to the answer to this question may lie in the Alexandrian origin and education of A. (λόγιος in the Book of Acts (18.24) can be translated not only as “eloquent”, but also as “educated”). Alexandria was the largest Greek center. and Hellenized Jewish culture, and A. could preach Christ fully armed with those “persuasive words of human wisdom” (1 Cor 2.4), of which, by his own admission, the preaching of the apostle was deprived. Pavel.
The subject of various interpretations already in the early Church was the question of how to combine the activity of A., Christ. missionary, with the incompleteness of his knowledge of Christianity, which only later. were replenished by Aquila and Priscilla. According to St. John Chrysostom, A. could be one of the 120 men who, together with the apostles, were baptized with the Holy Spirit on the day of Pentecost (Acts 1. 15-16). How can this be reconciled with the testimony of the Book of Acts (18.25-26), St. John Chrysostom does not explain, but admits that A., who knew only John’s Baptism, was honored with the condescension of the Holy Spirit on him even before he actually accepted Christ. Baptism, that is, with A. the same thing happened as before with the centurion Cornelius (Acts 10.44) (Ioan. Chrysost. In Acta apostolorum. Hom. 40). If we discard the hypothesis that rejects the historicity of the message of the Book of Acts (18.25) that A. was a Jewish missionary converted to Christianity by Aquila and Priscilla (Schweizer E. Die Bekehrung des Apollos, Apg 18, 24-26 // Beitr. z. Theologie d. NT. Zürich, 1970. S. 75-78; Merkel H. ̓Απολλῶς // EWNT. Bd. 1. S. 382f, etc.), then we can say that in the works of modern. zap. Biblical scholars are presented with two views, more or less corresponding to the views of St. John Chrysostom. According to one of them, A. actually received only John’s Baptism during the ministry of John the Baptist himself or Jesus Christ, when it (i.e. John’s Baptism) was still being performed (Preisker H. Apollos und die Johannesjunger in Act 18, 24-19 6 // ZNW. 1931. Bd. 30. S. 302; Aland K. Zur Vorgeschichte der Christlichen Taufe // idem. Neutestamentliche Entwürfe. Münch., 1979. (TU; 63). S. 188-194). Aquila and Priscilla, by baptizing A., made up for this deficiency. However, with such a decision, it remains unclear why A. did not know about the insufficiency of John’s Baptism for more than 20 years. According to other views, the most widespread in science, A. was a Christian who initially acted independently of the apostle. Paul (Käsemann E. Die Johannesjünger in Ephesus // Exegetische Versuche und Besinnungen. Gött., 1964. Bd. 1. S. 164-168; Ollrog W.-H. Paulus und seine Mitarbeiter. Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1979. S. 39f).
With any of the above approaches, the following conclusion seems fair: although A. leaves for Achaia without being personally acquainted with the apostle. Paul, however, his communication with Aquila and Priscilla and a letter of recommendation from the Ephesian Christians to Achaia, where Aquila and Priscilla, who lived there at one time, were well known, can be considered Aquila’s introduction into Paul’s circle and introduction to his theological thought, which gave A. the opportunity to be active in Achaia, and in particular in Corinth.
There is no consensus in the sources about the place of A.'s episcopal service. Most writers believe that A. was a bishop. Caesarea (in the Greek Menaia (“Great Synaxarist” Nicodemus the Holy Mountain) it is not indicated which; according to the Slavic Synaxarion - Caesarea in Palestine) or Smyrna (before St. Polycarp († February 23, 167 AD) - St. Demetrius of Rostov ). A.'s memory is celebrated on September 10 - with the apostles from 70 Lucius and Clement of Rome; also found in month words 7 September. and April 22 (Sergius (Spassky). Months. T. 2. P. 277); 8 Dec. and March 30 - with the apostles from 70 Sosthenes, Tychicus, Epaphroditus, Cephas, Caesar, Onesiphorus; 4 Jan — there are 70 apostles in the Cathedral. In modern Orthodox liturgical practice. Church succession A. is sung on December 8. and March 30. A.'s individual succession is unknown.
Iconography. A. is usually depicted in the group of apostles from 70, whose memory is celebrated on the same day, as well as in the composition “Cathedral of the Holy Apostles”. Under March 29 in the Minology of Basil II (Vat. gr. 1613. P. 151, 976-1025); under March 27 in Greek cargo. manuscripts (RNB. OI 58. L. 107, 15th century) - in a group of 5 apostles (Epaphroditus, Sosthenes, A., Cephas, Caesar), a medieval man with a short beard, in a tunic and himation, in the hands of a scroll. In "Erminia" by Dionysius Furnoagrafiot, beginning. XVIII century, the name of the saint is mentioned twice: separately, with an instruction to depict A. as an old man with a wide beard (Part 3. § 7. No. 36), and on December 8. with the apostles Sosthenes, Cephas, Tychicus, Epaphroditus, Caesar, Onesiphorus (listed second), with the note “died in various torments” (Part 3. § 22). In Russian monuments A. is presented: in the lower field of the icon “Apostolic Sermon”, 1660-1662, letters of Theodore Evtikhiev Zubov (?) (YIAMZ); in the mosaics of the Church of the Resurrection of Christ (Savior on Spilled Blood) in St. Petersburg, 1894-1907, - Russian, with a short beard, etc.
Lit.: Dimitri (Sambikin), archbishop. Cathedral of St. 70 apostles (Jan 4). Tver, 1900-1902. Kaz., 1906; Cathedral of St. 70 apostles. Kaz., 1907. P. 156-165; Schumacher R. Der Alexandriner Apollos. Kempten, 1916; Cassian (Bezobrazov), bishop. Christ and the first Christian generation. P., 1950. M., 1997r. P. 196; Golubev V., prot. Companions and collaborators of the Apostle Paul on the book of Acts and Epistles: Course. Op. / LDA. L., 1968; Barrett C. K. Apollos and the Twelve Disciples of Ephesus // The New Testament Age: Essays in Honor of Bo Reicke / Ed. W. C. Weinrich. Macon (Ga), 1984. Vol. 1. P. 29-39; Hurst L. Apollos, Hebrews and Corinth // Scottish J. of Theology. 1985. Vol. 38. P. 505-513; Beatrice PF Apollos of Alexandria and the Origins of the Jewish-Christian Baptist Encratism // ANRW. Ser. II. 1995. Bd. 26. Tl. 2. S. 1232-1275; Murphy-O'Connor J. Paul: A Critical Life. Oxf., 1996. P. 173, 184, 274-276; Ker DP Paul and Apollos - Colleagues or Rivals? // J. for the Study of the New Testament. 2000. Vol. 77. P. 75-97.
Iconography: Erminia DF. pp. 158, 205; Evseeva. Athos book. P. 247.
E.V.Sh.
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The Council of the Holy Seventy Apostles was established by the Orthodox Church in order to show the equality of each of the seventy and thereby prevent disagreements in their veneration. They were chosen by the Lord Jesus Christ to preach the gospel to the entire universe.
In addition to celebrating the Council of the Holy Apostles, the Church commemorates each of them throughout the year: [the Apostle James, brother of the Lord] (October 23), [Mark the Evangelist] (April 25), [Luke the Evangelist] (October 18), [Cleopas], brother [Joseph the Betrothed], [Simeon], his son (April 27), [Barnabas] (June 11), [Josiah], or Joseph, called Barsaba or Just (October 30), [Thaddeus] (August 21), [ Ananias] (October 1), Stephen, archdeacon (December 27), [Philip] of [7 deacons] (October II), [Prochorus] of 7 deacons (July 28), [Nicanor] of 7 deacons (July 28 and 28 December), [Timon] of 7 deacons (July 28 and December 30), [Parmena] of 7 deacons (June 28), [Timothy] (January 22), [Titus] (August 25), [Philemon] (November 22 and February 19), [Onesimus] (February 15), [Epaphras] and [Archippus] (November 22 and February 19), [Strength], [Silouana], [Criscentus], or Criscus (July 30), [Crispus] and [Epeneta] (July 30), [Andronika] (May 17 and July 30), [Stachia], [Amplia], [Urvana], [Narcissa], [Apelia] (October 31), [Aristovula] (October 31 and March 16), [Herodion], or Rodion (April 8 and November 10). [Agave], [Rufa], [Asyncrita], [Phlegonta] (April 8), [Herma] (November 5 and May 31), [Patrova] (November 5), [Hermia] (April 8), [Lina] , [Gaia], [Philologa] (November 5), [Lukia] (September 10), [Iason] (April 28), [Sosipatra] (April 28 and November 10), [Olympus] or Olympana (November 10), [Tertia] (October 30 and November 10), [Erasta], [Quarta] (November 10), [Evoda] (September 7), [Onesiphora] (September 7 and December 8), [Clement] (November 25), [Sosthene] (December 8), [Apollos] (September 10 and December 8), [Tychika], [Epaphrodite] (December 8), [Carpas] (May 26), [Codratas] (September 21), [Mark] , aka John, [Zina] (September 27), [Aristarchus] (April 15 and September 27), [Puda], [Trofima] (April 15). [Mark], nephew of [Barnabas], [Artem] (October 30), [Aquila] (July 14), [Fortunatus], [Achaik] (January 4).
After the descent of the Holy Spirit, the apostles preached in different countries, and some accompanied the apostles from the 12, like the holy evangelists [Mark] and [Luke], the companion of the holy apostle [Paul] [Timothy], the disciple of the holy evangelist [John the Theologian] saint [Prochorus ] and others. Many of them were prisoners for Christ, many accepted the crown of martyrdom.
Two more are counted among the 70 apostles - the holy apostles [Cephas], to whom the Lord appeared after the Resurrection [(1 Cor. 15, 5 - 6)], and [Simeon], nicknamed Niger [(Acts 13, 1)] , since they also became famous for their apostolic preaching.
The Church especially honors and praises the 70 apostles for teaching them to venerate the Trinity, Consubstantial and Indivisible.
In the 9th century, the Orthodox Church accepted from [Joseph the Songwriter] [the canon for the day of the Council of the 70 Apostles of Christ].
